UNESCO’s new global report, The Quantum Moment: Outcomes of the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology, highlights stark inequalities in access to quantum research facilities and opportunities. One in three researchers worldwide report having no access to quantum labs, severely limiting the potential of quantum science in areas such as healthcare, computing, cybersecurity, and climate modelling. The report also reveals a strong North–South divide, with Europe and North America hosting seven times more quantum science events per country than Africa, and a persistent gender gap that sees women’s participation drop sharply at senior levels.
Quantum technologies, such as quantum computers, have the potential to revolutionize problem‑solving by processing vast numbers of possibilities simultaneously. This could transform drug discovery, climate modelling, and secure communications. However, without coordinated action, the benefits risk being concentrated in a few countries, deepening global inequalities.
To address these challenges, UNESCO has launched the Global Quantum Initiative (GQI), a framework to ensure inclusive and ethical development of quantum technologies. Concrete steps are already underway, including the Remote Access to Lab Equipment Initiative, which allows researchers from the Global South to use IBM’s Quantum System One in Cleveland for healthcare research. This model demonstrates how infrastructure barriers can be overcome by opening access to existing facilities rather than requiring every country to build its own.
The report draws on data from 1,300 quantum science events across 83 countries, surveys of nearly 600 experts, and contributions from leading scientific organizations. It underscores both the global momentum behind quantum science and the urgent need to bridge divides in access, investment, and participation. UNESCO calls on governments, industry, and the scientific community to act now to build a truly global and equitable quantum future.
