Pakistan is gearing up for COP29, focusing on enhancing climate resilience through collaborative efforts among civil society, government, and international partners. The event highlighted the importance of integrating local knowledge and addressing the unique challenges faced by vulnerable communities in the face of climate change.
Key Takeaways
- Operationalization of Existing Initiatives: Focus on effective implementation of established climate initiatives rather than pursuing new commitments.
- Enhanced Climate Finance and Access: Improve access to climate finance for developing nations, ensuring funds are easily accessible and readily available.
- Regional Collaboration and Tailored Solutions: Emphasize regional partnerships for climate initiatives to create effective solutions tailored to local contexts.
- Inclusive Decision Making: Engage diverse stakeholders, especially those most affected by climate change, in climate negotiations to ensure their needs are prioritized.
- Nature-Based Solutions: Promote ecosystem restoration and bioengineering techniques in agriculture and water management to enhance resilience and productivity.
- Capacity Building: Address gaps in technical capacities and human resources to develop bankable projects and effectively utilize climate finance.
- Data Collection and Monitoring: Establish robust data systems for informed decision-making and effective monitoring of climate adaptation strategies.
- Climate Justice: Advocate for equitable contributions from developed countries to address historical injustices and support vulnerable nations.
The discussions at the event underscored the need for a holistic approach to climate adaptation, integrating gender equity and local knowledge into national policies. As Pakistan prepares for COP29, the focus will be on building a resilient future that leaves no one behind, ensuring that the voices of frontline communities are heard and prioritized in climate action strategies.
The event served as a platform for stakeholders to share insights and strategies, fostering collaboration to tackle the pressing challenges posed by climate change. With a commitment to enhancing ambition and enabling action, Pakistan aims to position itself as a leader in climate resilience on the global stage at COP29.
Sources
- Pakistan’s Climate Resilience: A Road to COP29 | Pakistan’s Climate Resilience: A Road to COP29 Pakistan’s Climate Resilience: A Road to COP29 | By Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) | Prime minister on climate change, Miss Romina Hoshid Alam will be joining us. Um we have the pleasure of mister Wolfgang Hesse who will be delivering some opening remarks and then we have Doctor Avid Suleri who will be delivering the keynote and special address. Um Doctor Suleri, we’re very grateful that you made it despite your schedule and it would be great to hear what insights you’re bringing from the recent meetings that you have to prepare for COP. My friend and colleague Khalid will be taking you through a presentation on what the agenda setting could be for today. And very critically what we’ve learned from Cop 28 and how we can do things better in the next time. The afternoon through to the rest of the day is going to be a lot of thought work. We have three round tables on very pertinent themes. These themes align very closely to the the two pillars of Cop 2nine. Ah which is ah enhancing ambition and enabling action. And we all know that ah any ah enhanced ambition comes from revised, realistic NDCs that take into account the the footprint of Pakistan across the five key sectors and then using this as a base to identify where are all of the opportunities to leverage climate finance for low carbon development. Um this is also the topic of the first round table and we have some really some heavy weights with us this afternoon who will be guiding the thinking process and helping us come to conclusions. Um second round table sorry the second round table session three is on the new collective quantified goal and you will be hearing from amongst others mister who is a former colleague and and friend very active in the Warsaw International Mechanism and Loss and Damage Debate then we have mister Ali Toki Sheikh who has been working closely with the government of Pakistan on developing not just in National Climate Finance Strategy but he is also ah Pakistan’s alternate board member for the loss and damage fund. And then finally we have ah we save the best for last. And that session is going to be on adaptation and resilience. And this session is going to be very very important because here we need to figure out how we’re going to take the voices of frontline communities and ah dove ah dovetail those into ah national climate ah risk management processes as well as leveraging international ah international ah facilities. We will close around 4 PM and what you can expect from this event is to see ah a series of ah position papers. Position papers that we will be passing on to the Ministry of Climate Change in the hope of helping them shape their thinking process for the upcoming negotiation. So therefore we are very excited about the the proceedings today, the deliberations, hearing from you, and you also hearing from experts and seeing how and where you can contribute. My name is Sylvia Becker. I’m the lead adviser for the Path German Climate and Energy Partnership. And before we go into the before I invite Mister Hesser for the welcome remarks. And then Doctor Sileri for the keynote address. I would like to take you through a brief presentation on what the partnership is. I don’t think this is working. Thank you. So we can go to slide too. Or this is working now. It is. Okay, I’m really sorry. This is technology If we could just maybe go to slight, okay, very good. So, talking about the type of, the type of impact that countries can have at Cop 20, at the Cops. The Climate and Development Partnership in Pakistan is one such fine example of what unified joined up global action can do. Because the Pac German Climate and Energy Partnership was actually formed at Cop 26. Pakistan has the honor of being the first country where the government of Germany established a climate and energy partnership And the goal of the partnership is to ah facilitate Pakistan in reaching not just its Paris agreement goals but also the sustainable agenda 2030 goals that it has. So we we were very very pleased to celebrate this moment and ah the ah as you can see on the picture we have ah high level delegates from both countries who were signing this declaration. Pakistan is one of now about 13 partnerships that we have. There are some partnerships that are dedicated purely to the energy transition and then you have other partnerships which have a broader mandate like the Climate and Energy Partnership. Next please. Um the the Climate and Energy Partnership in Pakistan has obviously the the goal of supporting Pakistan with limiting global warming and that is obviously the broader role also under the Paris Agreement. Um but very critically we also want to support Pakistan in ensuring just transitions. Whether they are taking place in the climate space or they are taking part in the ah in the energy space. Ah the partner countries for their part they set ambitious and very result oriented goals and climate action for example is highly relevant because we all know Pakistan’s very high level of vulnerability that we have and the floods of 2022 are a very ah stark reminder of this. We are also very aware. Thank you. We are also very aware that ah climate change is a topic that cuts across every sector, every aspects of economic life, every aspect of social life. And therefore, it’s very important that we have a whole of government as well as a whole of society approach. To addressing climate change. Um, of the key things that the partnership also does is engaging this sort of dialogue. Uh it’s we invite diverse sets of stakeholders to join us and discuss relevant issues. So these stakeholders obviously are drawn from our partner ministries, Domino Pakistan, National and Sub National Institutions. But there are also a lot of colleagues like you that we engage with. Civil society, think and academia because together we need to create the solutions that will work. To give you an example of how the partnership is focused. We have a three pillar approach. I’ve already spoken about the political dialogue and stakeholder engagement is also a very key aspect of we do. Because affirmative climate action needs the private sector. It needs youth and I’m very happy to see so many of our youths activists. Can I see some all the youths in the room. Hi everyone. Um so we have youth and we need to come together and create this energy. The partnership covers the technical and financial cooperation that Germany finances in this in this country and this forms the ambit the backbone for PG Sep’s work in Pakistan. These are some of the activities that we have been engaging in in the past and I’d like to highlight also that at this time we have 26 projects technical as well as financial cooperation in Pakistan and this technical and financial cooperation is being delivered by 26 projects. Um the financial cooperation that we have provides grants and concessional finance to Pakistan for big ticket items, infrastruct projects et cetera. And this is done by the German Development Bank, the KFW. And technical cooperation which is purely grant. Is delivered via the GIZ. At this time our portfolio in Pakistan exceeds 500 million euros. Making Germany if not the biggest perhaps the biggest donor in Pakistan. Um this is an overview of the type of projects that we do. Uh all of this information is public access. Feel free to log on to our websites learn more about the work we do. Uh we welcome engagement. We welcome your interest. So I would invite you to go through it. Some of the very exciting things that are coming up include facilitating Pakistan in developing its carbon market mechanism. We have the introduction of an emissions trading system and the colleague from SECP, I’m very happy that you’re here today. We have Climate Risk Financing, adaptive social protection projects that are being implemented both by both by GI as well as the KFW. I’m going to pause here and welcome the honorable coordinator miss Romina Kurshid Alam who thank you so much. I know how busy you are. Thank you for joining us. Um we are looking at how we’re going to minimize the carbon footprint of the national grid. So the digitization and decarbonization of the power distribution networks is a project that will speak to that. And critically important is how do we strengthen the national adaptation plan. So the GIZ is supporting the implementation to ah the national adaptation planning process as well. This is again a recap of our portfolio. And I will leave it at that. As I said this is public access information. So please feel free to log on to our websites. Ah and access this information. We are always here to answer any questions. And with that I like to conclude this brief introduction to the partnership and I would like to invite Mr. Wolfgang Hesser cluster coordinator, Climate, Energy, and Climate Change at GIZ to please deliver opening remarks. Thank you. Thank you very much. And good morning Honourable Mister Romina Koshid Alam. Coordinator to the Prime Minister on Climate Change. Uh a very warm welcome to this event also from my side. Uh then of course Doctor Abhid Zuleri, executive director of the SDPI. Uh welcome and thank you for coming ladies and gentlemen. Distinguished guests. The COP29 presidency has a vision for the upcoming negotiations. That of enhancing ambition and enabling action. As part of its action agenda, the COP29 presidency is leading initiatives to advance climate action and encourage broader stakeholder, a stakeholder engagement in support of the COP twenty-nine vision. It is my pleasure and privilege to extend to you a very warm welcome on behalf of the German Development Corporation. In Pakistan to this important event, I am confident that the outcomes from today’s deliberations Um will be in keeping with the spirit and vision of the COP twenty-nine. Just like the two pillars of enhancing ambition and enabling action, policy, dialogue is a pillar at the heart of the Pakistan German Climate and Energy Partnership. By bringing together experts from across government and society as we have done today, the partnership seeks to facilitate a whole of government and a whole of society approach to better address the impacts of climate change in Pakistan. Germany’s commitment to climate, climate and energy initiatives in Pakistan is robust. Uh the Pakistan German Climate and Energy Partnership represents technical and financial cooperation in excess of $500 million euros. Our development, cooperation, is meticulously designed bolster Pakistan’s climate ambition by strengthening its NDCs and supporting the implementation of its NAP. Our financial cooperation is pivotal in facilitating a just energy transition aligning with the goals of the Paris Agreement and Agenda twenty thirty. Days brought census consensus that Climate Finance must be mobilized at speed and scale to effectively limit global warming. Climate targets must go beyond mere documentation. They must catalyze real economic transformation and sustainable development. Madam Romina Koshid Alam, I would like to take a moment to acknowledge the significant progress, the climate change, gender has made under your leadership. Your commitment enhancing ambition and enabling action has unlocked seven 5 million euros in unconditional climate finance for Pakistan. Yes, please. This support from Germany will help Pakistan to abate 1. 5 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalents. Together we are enhancing ambition and enabling action. Madam, this is a major achievement of yours and I welcome development. Thank you very much. I commend the MOCC for elaborating the first ever National Climate Finance Strategy. When aligned with the NDC3. pointzero and the national adaptation plan, this strategy will undoubtedly fortify Pakistan’s economy and society. We are steadfast in our promise Germany has delivered 6 billion towards the new collective quantified goal on climate finance. As a pathfinder country of the global shield, Pakistan will be better equipped to protect its vulnerable communities from climate shocks Germany is supporting Pakistan in developing an intermission trading system ETS to unlock carbon finance. We recognize that resources alone are insufficient without the requisite skills and solutions. Hence, our focus remains on transferring knowledge, skills and technology to truly enhance ambition and enable action. With 19 days to go to to go until the cop twenty9. I’m confident that the collective will concerted efforts and rich ideas of the climate community convening here today will derive significant progress at home and in Baku. I would like to acknowledge and appreciate the sustainable development policy institute, our valuable knowledge partner. I wish you a successful deliberation today. Thank you very much. Thank you Wolfgang for your kind comments. Uh Abit may I invite you to deliver the keynote. Thank you very much. Honorable ah madam coordinator to Prime Minister on Climate Change ah ah distinguished guest ah the friends from ah private sector from ah development ah partner organizations from civil society ah and ah Sobia Baker and STPI’s team ah who is organising it ah ah a warm ah good morning to you and ah thank you ah for having this session ah so in fact what I am going to ah ah share with you in next seven, 8 minutes ah I certainly ah not married ah being called as keynote address perhaps ah what I’ll try to do is to give you some state of affairs ah where we are today and what we should ah expect when we ah leave this room. Ah all of you must have heard of good cop and bad cop. Ah in real life there are some good and bad cops but when we talk of ah climate change ah there is no good or bad cop. It is how we negotiate it, work through our objectives are, and what are, our desirable outputs and results that we want to achieve ah from any ah conference of party which will make us and turn ah ah it as a good or bad cop ah for us. Ah now ah if one looks at ah ah the ah previous ah 3 4 cops ah ah the mere fact that cop actually takes place every year. Ah that in is a ah very ah ah strong ah deliverable ah one ah ah still remembers after withdrawal of United States from ah ah Paris Declaration and Paris commitments ah most of this climate change agenda that ah she ah ah seemed ah to be fizzling away ah and despite ah it ah the European Union and China and ah rest of the global community there ah ah same action ah to ah lead this process and not to disrupt it. Ah I think that in itself ah is a big achievement. Ah now ah ah when we know that US is back in ah game. Ah the previous ah four, five ah cops they had their own significance in their own ways. Ah the cop twenty-6 in Glasgow was ah ah the first in person cop which was held ah while COVID was phasing out and intermittent cases were being reported in UK and in the west. Ah the and the pandemic ah the results of pandemic and the devastation of pandemic that had actually ah ah somehow ah ah sounded ah and alerted the the international community about ah how this climate change ah ah can go wrong and how the impact of climate change ah can negatively affect humanity. So that ah ah country members they could start taking it serious. Ah the first was the one where for the first time ah the world of fossil fuel was used in ah in the previous twenty-five cops ah the mention of fossil fuel was never there in any of the cop declaration. Ah cop twenty-seven ah ah in Sharma Sheikh ah I think ah it had its ah own significance again because of the debate on loss and damage fund. Ah the role Pakistan ah ah played in getting that ah fund ah ah announced that it’s a discussion on it and ah it was the cop after ah devastating floods of ah ah twenty twenty-two in Pakistan ah which again highlighted the negative impacts of ah climate change if it’s not addressed. Ah COP twenty-eight ah in Dubai ah it started with the announcement of ah ah contribution from the host country UAE ah ah in loss and damage fund. Ah although it ah ah slightly diluted the mention of fossil fuel ah but it said this shifting away from ah fossil fuel. Ah and now ah we are ah ready to ah go to cop twenty-nine ah in Baku. Ah if we seen that ah ah we are not ah ah prepared for top twenty-nine ah host countries also not prepared for CAP twenty-nine. Baku was chosen out of blue to host it. Ah all other host countries they are given at least two to three years in advance ah for all this logistic and ah ah technical preparations ah but ah ah Azerbaijan was chosen due to ah Ukraine war when no other ah venue in ah West Europe was ah ah acceptable to Russia ah to attend so that’s where ah Baku ah was asked to host ah this conference. Now as I said that each cop and each host country they try to leave a a legacy. Ah the Dubai ah cop we know that loss and damage funded operationalized although it’s still there but ah it’s a startup non starter and in the afternoon session will tell you why ah but at least UAE contributed ah its initial ah pledge and it is a functional ah ah ah fund now. Ah when we look at Baku the six priority areas that Azerbaijani government have announced ah the fossil fuel is never there ah ah nowhere. ah and that is actually ah big criticism on Azerbaijan ah ah presidency as well. Ah it is the second cop in a row that is being hosted by ah petrochemical straight. Ah and ah each host ah has a UAE was under immense pressure to do something on fossil fuel. Ah to actually ah if not for anything else but for face saving. Similarly ah Azerbaijan government is also under immense pressure ah to deliver something. Ah although we don’t have this fossil fuel there but there is ah ah a new ah ah mechanism that Azerbaijanian government has ah ah proposed ah presidency has proposed and that is ah ah climate ah ah fund for action. And this climate fund for action is actually a fund ah where petrochemical states and petrochemical corporations ah they are asked to ah pledge ah ah money and that money ah would be ah then spent on a vulnerable countries and ah for ah least ah ah developed countries. Ah the controversy is very much there whether ah this amount should be considered as kosher whether it’s it should be considered as non kosher. Ah but ah the predominant ah ah now ah ah acceptance and accepted point of view is that just like as in ah UA we had all those petrochemical corporations and multinationals ah ah negotiating on table ah here in Azerbaijan to ah should have them ah negotiating on table and they should also ah be ah contributing ah towards ah this climate action ah fund ah the one can disagree with the logic but the logic is ah that ah either you can ah keep these guys out declaring them as part of problem or you can ask them to be of solutions, sit on table and come up with the some tangible solution as well as some tangible money which is required for climate financing now. Ah the second ah ah point that one would be expecting ah where Baku can deliver something is uncarbon markets and negotiation on article six. Ah ah just to ah keep it simple. Ah as we know that we are entering in ah an era ah where carbon tax would be divide in different tech ah countries to start with EU but also one is expecting in China and USA and UK. So, carbon markets and ah carbon projects. Those have become ah now tremendously important. Ah now there is ah ah some ah sort of ah ongoing discussion where there ah still ah there is no consensus ah on ah voluntary ah visa we ah this mandatory ah carbon markets there is ah still a controversy on definition of carbon credits there is still a controversy on ah whether we can have uniform ah carbon ah ah credit rates or not ah and there is a controversy on green washing ah some of the steps which are already being taken ah whether they should be considered for carbon ah credit and purposes or they would be considered as historical, traditional steps and now from now onwards, the new steps those would be considered. So, there are lot of ifs and buds which are being discussed and the presidency is trying to actually smoothen out some of those differences. Uh now, what is in it for Pakistan? Uh Pakistan has remained responsible member of international community, Pakistan ah has ah ah shown ah ah pledges ah towards major ah international ah commitments ah and I want to put on record the contribution of ah ah the coordinator to prime minister ah since she has joined ah we have seen ah ah many ah ah dead initiatives ah which are now ah ah actually ah being revived and ministry of climate change is proactively acting upon whether it is ah ah the global shield ah whether it is a globe or ah whether it is ah many other multilateral and plurilateral ah bilateral ah areas for ah collaboration. Ah now ah one common myth that I want to ah ah ah break before I leave. Ah cops are not ah ah some ah forums where we will get announcements for financing. Cops of where policy decisions will be taken. So in cop 29, we are not going there with the expectation that ah ah will go there and will come back and will announce ah XRY billion dollars and ah Amazons are contracts are ah agreements were signed. Ah proper the ah discussion forums where ah policy matters are discussed and where outlines are discussed ah ah how to ah access ah debt funding, how to make debt funding ah transparent and ah ah how urgent ah that funding ah can be ah ah ah accessed. Ah so ah one is hopeful that there would be some ah ah tangible ah progress at least on some ah ah new ah quantified ah collective ah goals. Ah however the big question that remains ah it’s not the announcement of new initiatives. Ah we already have ah ah ample ah opportunities. We already have ample initiatives. It’s about consolidation. Ah what ah a country like Pakistan would not require ah that ah another fund is announced and then ah the existing pledges and existing commitments they are rebranded and ah remarketed, resold in those new ah funds and ah ah that that actually ah becomes a problematic. I’ll also like to link it with the ah the UN UNGA and ah ah the summit of future. So in September ah in the general assembly of United Nation, there was this summit for future where ah ah two ah ah points which are relevant to this forum. Ah those the first point is ah that the current international multilateral ah ah development partnership framework is failing ah develop ah developing countries and least developed countries. Ah it’s on record now that the World Bank and IMF and ADB and African Development Bank and many others. Ah they are to actually ah meet the urgent requirements of ah developing countries and specially ah the climate vulnerable ah developing countries. So there is ah ah an emphasis ah to ah review it and ah to ah ah overall it. Ah the practical steps are already being taken. Ah right now while we are discussing this ah the ah autumn ah annual meeting of IMF and World Bank. Ah they are discussing how to synchronise ah their ah for example ah ah in Pakistan ah sorry in case of Pakistan an important development that is taking place is that ah World Bank and ADB they are thinking of synchronising their operations there would be one lead agency ah either World Bank or ADB for a particular project and both of them they will try to reduce ah the burden of compliance and the burden of ah reporting ah just like falling the one UN ah modern. Ah and the second important thing in this cop was about in summit of future was about climate finance ah the ah session and emphasis on enhanced climate ah financial ah cooperation ah that ah cooperation ah would be ah announced in cop but how to get benefit of it for that will ah have to have our house in order ah we have to have horizontal and vertical coordination. Not only among and between ministries and department but also ah with the private sector and we need to remember there is no blank check. Ah we have to come up with the convincing practical practical doable ah proposals ah that we could float to these funding avenues and ah ah this funding initiatives ah and ah we need to come up with some ah ah tangible outputs as well that will be monitoring. Ah so the journey has started as I said ah for me ah the mere fact that COP is taking place ah amidst all this ah ah whatever can go wrong in the world. Ah that is happening. Ah that in itself is ah ah welcome news and ah we should remain optimistic and we should ah participate in Cop twenty-9 ah to be a part of solution. And ah to ah negotiate on behalf of ah 240 million ah resilient members for society ah who has shown their undoubted resilience against all vulnerabilities including climate change vulnerability. Thank you very much for your attention. Doctor Abhid, thank you so much. Your words today serve as a North Star for our discussions. Uh Doctor Suleri’s closeness to the process gave us some very good insights of how we can orient ourselves. Thank you for that. Uh Doctor Suleri had an urgent appointment. So, he had to leave us but his spirit remains with us in this room today. I would before I invite our chief guest, I’d like to also welcome Atik sir. Thank you very much for joining us. It was such a pleasure to meet you the other day at MOCC. Thank you for being here. Next, I have the distinct pleasure and honor to invite miss Romina Khushid Alam, the honorable coordinator to the prime minister on climate change. Miss Alam needs no introduction and what Abhid said ring 100% true. So many dead initiatives have been revived. Your energy and your enthusiasm and your commitment is is something that all of us cherish. You have restored our confidence and we’re very very pleased to have you with us today. Uh ladies and gentlemen, can we have a big round of applause for Romina Hushila? Bismillah Ramani Rahim. Ah very good morning, very very good morning to ah all of you ah my special regards ah to our parliamentary secretary Mister Rana Atik who is a great colleague and a great strength and great addition to the ministry. Abit Kayum Suleri Saab who just left. Of course my dear very close friend ah Miss Sobia and ah mister Wolfgang and all all the worthy panelist people who are sitting over here all the members who are sitting over here. Well I am little bit ah it’s not I am going to say I am confused but yeah may be over excited or is not that much but I was just telling mister that I am feeling like that today is may be a Christmas day or a Santa Claus is there who is just giving so many ah happy candies to me but ah thank you very much ah I am really glad and honoured ah that ah ah the kind words and the which you have appreciated and use for me and I think it’s ah not anything special I have done ah it’s my job to do I think it’s all job to do, to do the best things which come for Pakistan. We should not let them go or we should not let them hanging in somewhere ah to to get them get a skeleton. We need to get the process done because at the end it’s not for someone, it’s for all country. And of course if something best we can do, if let the things can be happen and if for the betterment that is needed and and I think ah I am really glad ah Alhamdulillah has been so kind that whatever we tried along with it’s it was all teamwork and it will be teamwork, it is the teamwork and it is very much important because I believe in anywhere, wherever we work, either it’s some institute, ministry, office, home, team, cricket, any sports, anything. The team means a lot. And if we can, and there is noone man show, it’s always sharing because I, I believe that from the childhood, everybody remember that we’ve been taught that sharing is caring. So, yes, anything if we can share even it’s a credit, even it’s anything. I think that’s the most important thing. Ah although I don’t know what to say because ah whatever I wanted to say that is already been said by Mr. Abhid and Mr. Ah Mr. Wolf and of course Sobia is already she have mentioned but ah just few things ah I just wanted to share because when it comes to the cop I just really want to ah brief ah in in a in a brief way I just wanted to share with you all that this time we trying that as we have already know ah that Mr. Abit has put the light on it and that this it’s it’s not important that you know in in cops we can get some mostly it’s been the idea ah in other cops that you know everybody is thinking to what sort of a pledge we going to get but I think from rather than the pledges to get more new pledges to get more a new commitment it’s better to see the before the pledges were being done where we are standing now. What is happening to loss and damage fund and how much the part or the developed countries, how much participation which they have or the pledges they have mentioned, how much they have done so far and if it’s not, why not? Because the V20 countries are of course it’s it’s very important to know that these V20 countries are facing so many challenges and this is no more natural disasters. These are all man-made disasters through like you know, of course we all know that the countries, the fossil fuel emissions, carbon and everything. We all know that. I don’t want to go into those details but I think it’s very much important that now the global developed global community and the developed countries, they should focus more on the V20 country and with great pride I ah want to share with you that Pakistan this time is we are we are very much ah working on ah as ah and plus we have tried to engage as Mr. ah Mukhtar Baba who was who is the president of the cop ah once he came ah to ah a few months back to Pakistan. So we tried our level best to engage that Pakistan should tell them that how technically we are equipped, how we can help and support and not only that how we are going to move forward ah for the plans and that of course article six which is very important. A great low hanging food where we can what how we can work and then of course the developed countries we all know they always put a pressure to work on the side. But we all know that developing countries those are the vulnerable countries. We need to focus more on the adaptation side. Because we have no more choice. We have to focus on that and and we need to work on that. And then the most important thing that I believe and I’m sure ah ah most of you will be agreed to that that you know when we talk about the climate change and the solutions. We cannot mix apples with oranges. We need to think about it that there are issues and the regional solutions. How every region because at the same time when Pakistan was facing the floods at the same time Africa was going through with the droughts. So, you know, you cannot, this is not a tablet for the temperature or Panadol tablet. Well, guys, I am not promoting pan at all. Ah and they have not promised paid me anything ah but I am just saying for the sake of because we all say okay somewhere you have a headache. Okay, get a pan at all. If you have a body, get a panadol. So, you know, it is not that. It is more important that if one region is going through with some issue, how that region can be sort out and then if another region is suffering from something, how we can going to sort out that issues. So, it is very much important and then the regional coordination and collaboration is also very important. So, the most important thing which I believe that we need to focus on the climate diplomacy. We need to work on the regional values and strengthening the regional sites and then, of course, the most important challenges. Yes, every time the the developed countries, they do talk about the fundings, they do talk about the pledges, they do talk about the funds. But the access towards those funds for the developing countries, it’s very tough. The procedural mechanisms are very tough that for the developing countries, it’s been, you know, hard to get. So, how to make those things easier and how to get them done. That is also something on which we are very much focused and we are working. And then of as I have already mentioned the initiatives which have been done previously how we going to pursue towards them that where where we are standing and how we going to ah you know work on them and then of course ah well honestly very frankly I am not I in my personal capacity has been a climate change activist ah before as well ah I always I I am not looking for the new commitments I am looking for the previous where we are standing with the pledges were being done how much we got the ah success as I have mentioned earlier and then of course the sideline events. The negotiation, the discussion, ah the the exposure for each other, the exposure for the countries and Pakistan this time of course we are going to take more lead into two ah one or two more events which I really wanted to share that we are going to talk about the climate justice the judiciary which is going to be of course is a one of the important pillar of the of any state that how these developing countries judiciary like or international caucus on the judiciary should be ah you know ah be constituted and and how it going to work and how we can talk about that because these are the challenges this is because climate change issue is no more a climate change issue it is a human right issue. It is a issue and Pakistan one of the country who got in our constitution about the climate change. So I think it’s more over important that Pakistan is this time not going to talk about us. Like ah just Pakistan. Pakistan is going to talk for other also. For the other vulnerable countries as well for that how we can work and if you ah obviously if some of you knew about me I’m sure you know that I always talk about the regional value. I do talk about the Asia region that how important it is for this region to work with each other and to support each other and to come how we can come out from these challenges ah and how we can work and and as ah These are some other things like ah ah which we were doing ah other than ah the main ah most important component but I just wanted to share that as in ah few months back ah in August ah we had one international regional conference which is which was ah along ah ah in which the regional parliamentarians were here in which we got one declaration ah was been ah successfully unanimously been passed that is called Islamba declaration. So in that we are going to launch another one of the project important which is with the regional cooperation and how we can work with the region that is ah called gender climate gender equity seal. So this is something of course we all know that the gender is a very important component. And not only that ah another one important thing that I know everybody likes to talk about ah ah specifically when we talk about EU that they talk about the human ah not only human rights interfaith harmony but I believe interfaith harmony is not that a component we need to talk more about the social cohesions. Because every religion have its own faith and everyone is have their their personal choices but it’s more important that what any what the religion talk about the climate change. Of course this is something very important and how we can take ah ah everybody together and in that we we are going to represent one of the report over there in which we have ah get a ah good data and ah ah in ah in Pakistan as well before going we are going to launch it. So you know these sort of a things which we are working and on the carbon sector side of course ah ah we have already discussed as you all ah already had know about but to getting back to words ah I am glad to share and I am and ah I am really happy or ah I don’t want to say that I want to take a pride because it’s not my pride it’s pride of all of you because this is nothing for me it’s for all of us it’s for generation and for the nation that if we are talking about the climate ah that how we are going to access towards the green climate financing, funding, ah environmental side if ah I am glad that ah this time the same time the project of the global shield as well we got a success on that that we are moving forward which was being delayed and I can see the joy on the Sobia’s face that yes how much we were like when I joined it was a huge for me it was a painful thing that why something which was which we can easily get success towards it why we it’s not being done so far. So today at the same time when I am here at the same time at Pips we are going to have a ah event for the global shield on which I have to go as well. Ah so it’s not please accept my apologies in ah ah beginning ah because it’s not that I don’t want to be here but today ah I think ah all know that there is so many activities and things in which we have to go because the cop is very much near I in the end just ah wanted to say I deliberately not talk about the more technical things because I would really looking forward my ah I know other our offices are coming and they are going to share ah the the things which we are doing. In the end I just wanted to say noone is perfect, noone is complete. I just need your prayers ah your support. Ah and I don’t mind criticism as well. Trust me. I I still remember the day when I joined Mr. Sebastian from he came and we had a little harsh discussion where he was also disappointed and I was little ah tense as well but where there is a world there is a way. So thanks to God that ah no matter ah how many hurdles were there but I am glad that at the end with the efforts of my ministerial ah support ah the support from the Sobia and from the GIZ and all we have achieved. So far more to go and sky is the limit. So wish you all the good luck. Need your prayers and support anything if come up to your mind and I would looking forward for the end ah ah the suggestions and the recommendations. Have a great day and thank you once again for ah appreciating my work. Thank you. God bless you. Yeah. Romina, thank you so much for these wonderful words. Um Climate change is a human rights issue. And we welcome the insertion of article nine A in the constitution of Pakistan that declares climate and a healthy environment as a basic human right. So I think round of applause for that is maybe. You mentioned a couple of ah points and ah I am pleased to also then reiterate that Germany has remained very steadfast in its commitment. Ah we have put up 6 billion euros to the NCQG. You mentioned the Global Shield. Germany is the single biggest donor to the global shield and Pakistan is a pathfinder country. Ah we congratulate the government of Pakistan on that as well. And have the climate and energy partnership which exceeds 500 million euros. And Pakistan has also been nominated as a champion for green skills. So this is another human capital development. So we are by your side. We are at your service. Thank you very much. Just one thing I’m sorry. And and then I ah not last but and the least I am looking forward for more support but I really want to appreciate and thanks to the government of the Germany the way they are looking forward and they always been a great friend of Pakistan those support a lot on the climate on on sectors but specifically I would really like to say thanks on the climate change sector. Thank you. Thank you. And thank you Wolfgang. Who makes it all happen? Um with that ah I know you are under time pressure. I would like to invite ah Romina Atik Wolfgang to our Wall of Hope. Sign, give us your pledge. And I know the press is very keen on talking to you. And then we would be willing to part ways with you. Thank you so much. If we may also request doctor Shazia to join us for the hall of hope as well. Thank you. Is joining us here. Thank you. Thank you so much everyone. Uh we’ll very shortly be starting a first round table discussion on the Climate Finance to support low carbon development. We do have a five minute break if anyone has not signed the wall of hope or the pledge if we do and just in a meanwhile if you want to take any of the tea or snacks from the back please feel free to do that as well. We’ll hopefully be starting in next 5 minutes. Thank you. Hello everyone, if I may request colleagues to please, yeah, join the series, we’ll starting very shortly, thank you. These these colleagues at the back, Sara, if you can again request the people to join on the seats, we’ll be starting very shortly. Thank you. Yes, thank you. Thank you so much everyone for joining us back. I believe it has been a wonderful session and a lot of key pointers coming out of the discussion that we had in the session. So, I think perhaps now the idea of the discussion is to sort of get the perspectives of the people sitting around the round table like what needs to be Pakistan’s stance going forward. What are some of the key declarations perhaps? We definitely don’t know the all of them. Uh but what should be the stance around the key developments that will be happening at Cop29, including Climate Finance, new collective quantified goals, what should be a stance around the carbon market article six of the Paris Agreement and ah specially one of the very key ah opportunities that we have been leading since two years that is around the loss and damage. But apart from that one thing I would really request all of you is to sort of make sure that we do need to sort of bring in the communities. We do need to bring in the people ah at the centre. So I think that this will be starting a first round table discussion that would be on the climate finance to support low carbon development. And we are very pleased to have been joined by a distinguished panelist including mister SM Kamran who is a member of Prime Minister’s committee in Climate Finance and Climate Change Pakistan. Ah Doctor Fahad Saeed, he is a senior climate scientist at Climate Analytics. Uh Mr. Sohail Malik who is a technical team leader at Climate Resourcing Coordination Center. Uh Doctor Khalid Walid who is a fellow at SDPI and will also very shortly be joined by a colleague from Ministry of Climate Change Environmental Coordination but along with these speakers will also be request the sitting around the round table to give you interventions ah as well we do have some of the very senior colleagues from the SDG academy we do have from the Islamic Chamber of Commerce and ah developments will also be requesting the colleagues to observe give their interventions as well because just like I think what mentioned at the very start what we are going to do is to sort of formulate your suggestions, your recommendation into a policy document that will be ah potentially guiding the Pakistan stance at Cop 29. So, I have just sort of ah understanding it those as well. But I think before going into the ah discussion at hand ah before ah going to doctor Fahad presentation let me ah invite Doctor Khalid Wali. Ah for setting the scene of this ah panel discussion and ah on his presentation on learnings from Cop 28 and informing Cop 29. So with this if I can request the amends team to kindly play his presentation and doctor Khalid. The thank you. Thank you so much Subad. Thank you so much everyone for joining for this very timely, insightful session on Pakistan’s climate resilience, road to cop twenty-nine. Uh what I am going to do is I am going to sort of recall Co op twenty-eight declarations and how we can inform Cop29 keeping economic case how economics, macroeconomics and climate are related and how we can use climate resilience to break this vicious cycle of poverty that development economist and macro economist talks lots and lots about it. Ah so way forward for ah climate ambition and action ah lessons from Cop 28 in forming Cop 29. Ah these were some of the declarations ah made ah at Cop twenty-eight ah UAE last year. Ah first one was ah the champ pledge ah coalition for high ambition multi partnerships. Ah this pledge is essentially that how ah partnerships at different level ah can enhance ah high ambition climate action. For example ah mayor of one country, mayor of one city from Mexico should talk to mayor of ah some ah country in Africa. Ah so that we we have this multi level ah sort of climate action. Pakistan signed this ah this pledge. Ah 71 countries signed this pledge ah Cop 28 again ah declaration on climate finance endorsed by 13 countries not signed by Pakistan ah cop 2eight declaration on climate and health signed by 143 countries signed by Pakistan and so on and so forth and then very important ah global renewables and renewables and energy efficiency pledge ah where ah tripling the renewable energy, doubling the energy efficiency pledge was ah Pakistan didn’t sign this. I hope in this cop, Pakistan would sign this one. Ah UAE declaration on agriculture, food and climate. 159 countries endorse this. Pakistan endorse this as as well. Ah declaration on gender response just transition ah responsive just transition. Pakistan signed this very important one. Ah declaration on hydrogen ah Pakistan didn’t sign this because this was ah more focused on standardization and certification. Ah hopefully by this ah 29, Pakistan will sign this one and lastly ah the cool, cooling pledge ah ah powered by UNEP, Pakistan didn’t sign that as well but this time around Pakistan would be signing ah a a cooling pledge ah as well at Cop 29. So these were some of the declaration ah main purpose to show you these declaration was ah between cops, between the transitions from one presidency to another presidency. The Previous ah declaration they sort of ah disappear or lost in these documents. So we need to keep track of these declaration as well. Ah where the progress has made and where the progress has not been made. Ah so again in Cobb declaration ah Cop twenty-eight declaration it was first global stock take and it informed us that ah we are way of our ah our ah global climate commitments and in in order to achieve ah these levels that are required to limit ah global warming by 1. 5° by ah 2030. So what was ah identified was that we need to have ah equitable contributions ah towards global climate goals from all the countries and we need to have accountability and transparency in global ah climate pledges, climate actions and with the help of civil society, private sector and all the local and sub national communities governments so that we can strengthen ah climate action as well. So what COP 29 ah does is this time around it has a fixed objective ah that it is our moral duty ah the word moral is very important to avoid overshooting ah the 1. 5 degree centigrades ah window of opportunities closing we need to invest today to save tomorrow ah we need deep, rapid, sustained emission reductions to keep temperatures ah under control and stay below 1. 5 degrees. But in such a framework, in such a manner that ah noone is left behind ah leaving noone behind. So this is ah the fixed objective of Co op twenty-nine. Ah this is ah what COP 29 does. Ah there is ah 1 ambition angle ah high level ambition and then there is ah there is an angle to enable action as well and it it recognize that ah the critical role of finance is very important ah in this. If you see this spy chart you will see that ambition and actions ah there is a gap between equitable finance and why ah there is a gap because there is a political economy, there is fossil fuel based economy ah doctor Solari in his opening remarks keynote rightly mentioned that ah two consecutive cops ah are being hosted by petrol ah economic ah countries but still we need to make it happen ah there are differences there are conflicts, there are inefficiencies and ah there is ah non alignment of global financial architecture ah particularly when it comes to climate finance. So we need to ah make it happen as well. Ah so ah this is what ah today’s agenda is all about. We have three ah plenarys ah three sessions. One is on mitigation finance. This one ah and low carbon development. Second one is on loss and damage fund and NCQG. And third one is Climate Adaptation and Resilience. Ah again this is a very famous picture. Ah no climate conference would be complete without this picture. What I am going to show you is this is the global financial ah climate climate finance flow. Ah 5-5 percent of total climate finance comes from public sector. 4-5% comes from private sector. Ah this total climate finance forty-five% is ah in the form of project debts. Whereas 91% of this total 1. 27 trillion USDs flows towards mitigation side and adaptation resilience is neglected in that way and that mitigation finance 91% goes to 67% into energy and transport. So, this is very important to to sort of understand what is the flow and to align your financial architecture and influence the global financial architecture to be more towards the balance side of it. Um maybe adaptation finance can be enhanced ah as well. Okay, ah again ah mitigation finance just transition is not just about ah not just ah without revamping global financial architecture. We need to look into loan based financing ah which kills the purpose of ah ah climate finance in in the times of poly crisis where there is a macroeconomic crisis as well. Then there is a role of technology transfer, capacity building and technical assistance which is vital for labour intensive ah economies ah like Pakistan and then we need to understands these initiatives very modern sort of things ah which we ah we we need to ah make the government aware of these initiatives such as jet fees, ETMs, ah coal to clean carbon initiatives, CBAM ah so that there is more policy integration ah and these ah jargons would ah can be understood and ah integral part of macroeconomic planning as well. Okay, this is very important. Let me shift to resilience side. This is a macroeconomic concept known as income hypothesis, life cycle hypothesis, sorry, in a life cycle, when someone is born, there is borrowing until someone gets a job and then there are prime working years. In prime working years, you save yourself a lots of money and then you deceive when you are think at as a person and now think it as a country, a country who is young, who whose ah majority population in prime working years and that population needs to save so that when there would be more ah retirement age population when that youth this youth bulge ah would get older ah then they would have to utilize these savings. But what is happening in Pakistan and developing countries particularly those ah who are climate vulnerable countries. These savings are being shaved off due to climate adversities. Particularly if you see ah that in 2022 Pakistan’s GDP was around 300 USDs ah 300 billion USDs. At that time saving rate was 10%. Which means 30 billion USDs were the total saving of Pakistan. All the individual for that particular year 2022 and in 2022 ah we all know that one flood caused about ah three billion ah USD financial loss. So we lost saving of an entire year of entire population of Pakistan. So if this is the condition ah this would not break the vicious cycle of poverty and vicious cycle of poverty is you have low saving rate. You have low investment, low productivity, low income and low income will leads to ah low saving. So climate is directly linked with ah ah this macroeconomics. So we need to align climate finance with these ah financial ah financial architecture, macroeconomic financial architecture. Ah this is where NCQG is very important. We need to rebuild ah strengthen this trust in international climate finance systems. We need to adopt ah increased solidarity between developed and developing countries. Ah at this critical moment for climate finance. How to do it? Ah macro economic, financial architecture in the form of these development banks, IFIs, ah financial ah system more aligned with climate adversities and more aligned with climate resilience and action. Last thing, carbon markets and equitability if you want to bring private sector to it ah into it. You want to have ah market based solutions such as carbon markets but these carbon markets these should be equitable. These should consider ah equitable development in order ah in Cop28 there was no agreement on carbon markets because the world is divided into two parts ah on carbon markets. First are the ones who are advocating ah more free ah I would say flexible sort of carbon market system that is voluntary carbon markets. The other ah they are focused on ah compliance carbon regime with more integrity and high level carbon trading. So we need to have a concern ah how we can use carbon markets for ah mitigation, for adaptation, financing mitigation and adaptation may be ah core to clean credit initiative upcoming whereas ah ah gauging its methodology ah can support retirement of these power plants as well through carbon markets so may be carbon markets are the answers but ah carbon markets with equitability ah distributed climate finance and ah with equitable development ah be a one thing to consider and ah these are ah my takeaways and pointers for the sessions ahead ah first is ah Climate Finance to support low carbon development in Pakistan. What we need to do is we need to revamp ah realign ah the global financial architecture for climate justice. We need to have efficient implementation of new collective quantified goal on climate finance. We need to have ah non debt creating mitigation financing which very important particularly in terms of ah poly crisis, in terms of macroeconomic turmoil ah that these debt stressed countries are facing and then we need to look into technology transfer for climate action ah particularly for those countries ah who are labour intensive countries not the capital intensive and lastly ah inclusivity of cop is very important particularly in terms of negotiations ah decisions making ah process particularly for youth and indigenous communities ah with this I thank you so much looking forward to an insightful discussion here. Yes, thank you, thank you so much doctor Khalid, right on point and right on time as well. So, yeah, I think Dr. Khalid has very pertinently highlighted all of the key financing mechanisms that we will be seeing being discussed at Cop29 as we go forward but will definitely delve into the depths of each of each of these. We do have a specific session entirely for the loss and damage and the NCQG but for this one, we’re also sort of listening. Again, hoping to hear more about the instruments that Dr. Khalid talked about. We do have SM Kamran who will be speaking around the carbon markets point as well and how should I mean the whole point of the discussion is that how should Pakistan align itself? I mean that’s the key takeaways which will be having from this session is like how should Pakistan align itself with all of these developments and ah how to go about those. So let me now ah invite doctor Fahad Said from the Climate Analytics for ah his presentation that really around the climate finance and he’ll also be ah suggesting some of the key takeaways that the Ministry of Climate Change should ah pages a forward fold. So, thank you so much Doctor Fab. Thank you very much good morning everybody. Ah it’s a privilege to be here and thank you very much once again for the invitation and to speak ah to such a learner audience already. Before starting my presentation, let me go on a historical ride of the cop. So, you have been hearing cops and the the financing in the cops. So, if you just quickly talk about the history of the cops that I hope that most of us know that UNF triple C was created in nineteen ninety-two. And it was not like created at once. There was a history to it because in nineteen sixties, there was an understanding, a scientific understanding that the kind a mission we we at that time, which were happening in the atmosphere in the form of green house gases. Ah it’s going to be lethal for the, for, for humanity, for the globe in itself. Ah, so it took like, you, you see 30 odd years for the creation of UNF triple C. And the first ah agreement ah from the UNF triple C ah was ah called Kyoto Protocode which was signed in nineteen ninety-seven. If you look at that protocol, it was mostly about mitigation. With the NX1 countries, held responsible for the, for the climate action. Because at that time, the developing countries were ah, ah, they were not understanding ah the issues around the, around the climate change, and ah, ah, since the turn of the century from two thousand, developing countries start to get involved more and more. So, all the important decision related to adaptation. All of them came in early two 000s because at that time ah developing were getting the grips of of the thing which were happening and it was in two two thousand and nine in Copenhagen where the developing country realise that okay so the developed countries must compensate ah for the historical emission they have to come in they have to chip and they have to help developing countries because of their you know historical emissions ah ah and ah and pay towards ah this ah ah goal of hundred billion dollars ah per year. So in Copenhagen that was ah ah agreed upon ah by the between the developer and the developing countries. And ah okay. So ah now I will talk about this $100 billion dollar goal. So that was supposed to be achieved in 2020 but it was not achieved in 20 20. I am sorry I am going to throw some numbers at you. But hopefully the those will make sense. I’ll present the global picture and then I’ll come to Pakistan. So but that hundred billion ah ah dollar goal was achieved in two thousand twenty-two. Ah total provided and mobilized ah ah finance in 20 22 was ah 115 almost hundred and sixteen billion. Of that ah 00 sixteen billion bilateral finance was 43. 4 billion. So bilateral finance as it speaks for itself that it is between country to country. And then we have multilateral climate funds. Which is like 3point7 billion. This includes all the funds like GCF, Jeff. The patient fund and the loss and damages are also coming up that will also be placed under the ballot or under the multilateral funds the the share is is is a bit limited. It’s 3 point7 but the mostly those MCFs are are basically a grants and concessional loans so it it has got its own importance and the funds which are channeled through multilateral development banks I mean there are they have got the highest year of almost 47 billion and then finance mobilised by ah public climate finances twenty-one point nine billion dollars. So that is the whole picture that the those are the whole numbers you add them and you will get a figure of fifteen point nine billion. There has been criticism on these numbers because ah you know the health of the the finance was criticized that most of them are in the form of loans. Most of them are focused on mitigation. So in UNF triple C in the cops we have like different kind of streams streams going on. So ah you know you can criticize those numbers from different direction but that is the total which is which is there before you. And this is the schematic the similar ah what I have presented and here you can see the trend. You can see an increasing trend. Well in 2013, it was 52. 4. 2022 we missed the target of hundred billion and we could only generate 83. 3 billions. More than 20 22 we have hundred ah fifteen point nine. And we are is ah the jelly is the expert private. So, that, that also, ah ah counted towards the bilateral funding. Again what is said that these figures are reported is provide this perspective and lack information, ground assessment by recipients, finance deliveries, criticise for his quality like I already said that ah rate is like the non dominance in balance, adaptation and mitigation, finance years and undefined accounting mechanisms and of course that is that is ah that the the third point is enshrined in the Paris Agreement because NCQG mandated by the Paris agreement where it was said that the insecurity must start from the floor of US ah 00 billion dollars and should be greater than the previous goal. So that is one thing which we are going to discuss. Let me tell you one ah another thing Abhi Solari also leaded to that that for example ah ah in we had a ah cop which was called as loss and damage cop. Then in Dubai we had a GST cop. And this cop is going to be a finance cop. So that’s why it has got its own importance and like again like to ah thank the organizer for setting up this ah event for to get clarity on on these issues. Okay, so if, if we, you know, follow the same trend, which we, what I, presented before you in the previous slides, where we have received 1hundred and six ah, 16 bands. So, if you continue with the same trends and bringing in the pledges by the developed countries, which are already there. Ah, in UNF triple C then the bilateral finances going to increase by 15 50 billion multilateral climate funds will go up by 5 billion multilateral development banks will ah the contribution grow up to 75 billion and private finance mobilised by the private public intervention will go up to 43 billion so these are the pledges pledges plus the trends from the from the previous years so the total provided and mobilized fund would be 173 billion by 2000 thirty 00 billion 2 thousand 22. It will go to hundred and seventy-three seventy3 billion by 2030 if you bring in all these assumptions and the pledges and and everything. But what is the need? What is the need? So these are the groups of the countries ah which which have ah submitted to UNF triple C that what would they need by ah right to run thirty. So African Group of Negotiator they came up with a number of one 1. 3 trillion. You know so it’s huge number. So, in the last slide, I told you that according to the trends and the pledges, we are like going towards 173 billion but that is what, what is required. The call for according to their assessment, one point ah, 1 trillion. The LMDC is like minded developing countries, Pakistan is also the part of this group, LMBC’s. Ah, they came up with a number of at least one trillion per year. Ah second need determination report by standing committee of finance under unites. They came with a number of almost half a trillion. But the independent high level expert group on climate finance, they came up with a number of ah with a number of 2. 4 trillion per year by 2 thousand thirty. So, that is what is needed by the developing countries to ensure climate resilient development. Okay, now let me come to Climate Finance in South Asia. Okay, so global again the same number, 7 36 billion from 2010 to 2021, the same number have just accumulated all those numbers. So, it makes 736 billion USD. Out of that, the grand share was $2031 billion US dollars. So, the rest is loan. The grant share is only to two hundred and thirty-one billion US dollars. So, if we take India, so over this period from 2010 to 2021 over the period of 12 years India has received ah the total ah ah you know almost ah 73 billion dollar out of that seven seventy point seven billion were the ah ah was a total share out of which 2. 7 was the branch share so India has received just keep the number in mind 70 billion dollar. Okay let’s consider case of Bangladesh. Bangladesh has received 27. 2 billion dollars. Out of 3. 2 billion ah was the grant share. So 27. 2 Bangladesh. Pakistan received half almost half of what Bangladesh received during the same period. And out of which one point 9 ah billion dollar were the were the grants shared. So that is also a point of introspection. So I mean of course like ah recently we have been doing quite good in accessing that finance but we need to pick up our our game when we compare that in the okay. Ah India break 70 billion it received India’s break but let’s take the case of Bangladesh. We have received half of the of the climate finance which Bangladesh received. So just ah quickly looking at ah what is the biasocation between adaptation and mitigation. So Pakistan received 66 percent in ah mitigation and 34% in that patient. So that is also one of the criticism on climate finance that most of the climate finances going towards mitigation although it should go towards the adaptation which is by the developing country. Ah further details almost ah bilaterally 22 there were 22 providers which provided a finance of thirty-three point seven six billion to Pakistan. So biggest source of finance is multilateral development, banks providing 10. 67 ah ah billion USD five multilateral funds, less than one billion almost half a billion and private sector ah investment is very small feather case of Pakistan. Okay, so in the interest of time, I’ll just skip this. Again, the loan dominance, which I have also alluded to in my previous slide, so it’s the same way we are presenting that of the 14. 86 billion, the the lines here ah, our loans with a much smaller proportion of almost 2. 27 billion as grants. Ah and the energy sector is the prominent recipe and of course mitigation when it like it is like two third of the total finance provided to energy sector is of course is going to be ah is ah focused area where the ah focus is on the transition to ah low carbon development ah which is also aligns with the global fronts Okay so I am ah coming towards the end of my slide so yeah I couldn’t see you bad is already standing so but just last two slide so what are the levels ah levers to scale finance because hundred billion was not enough and the need is almost more than two two trillion So, what should be done? So, increasing by lateral finance. So, these are the some of the option through which this finance can be enhanced. For example, if developed countries scale up their contribution from zero to 15% per ah per year growth rate from the business amount of double climate finance by Tuzan thirty-five. With me that if they increase the share by 7% then 7% rule ah take us to almost ah you know double in by two thousand thirty-five. And if we go for 15% then we will get the double ah bilateral finance from the preview what I showed in the previous slides. By 2030. Ah and accounting for the efforts of other contributor countries including the relatively wealthy and high limiting countries are emerging economies can ah contribute to the new goals of developed countries also looking towards the emerging economies such as China India, Brazil to Chipin for this finance as well. They have been already some, some of the instruments and tools for example, bricks, bank, you know, this session is already going on at the moment. So, they, they have like similar to multilateral development banks. Brix Bank has ah can contribute here ah along with that there is ah Asian infrastructure investment bank and Chinese development bank. So the net worth of these three banks is almost 18 trillion. So because the economy is the ah the developed countries are also struggling but they want to carry ah move forward with the multilateralism approach. So they they are also looking ah towards the big developing countries to chip in here as well. Increasing contributions to multilateral climate finance. So developing countries ah scale should scale up their contribution to ah to MCFs like the you know GCF, JFs, the pressure hires et cetera by 0 to 15% by 2035. including emerging economies once again. Increasing from multilateral development banks. data mobilization of private finance by public entities and raising new innovative ah sources of finance. So I’ll leave you with this slide. Thank you very much. Thank you, thank you so much Doctor Fahad for such giving us a useful numbers and also the suggestions that you highlighted at the very end. Or you will very well noted points. So yeah with this let me come to Sohail Malik Saab, he is the technical team leader, Climate Resourcing, ah coordination center and thank you so much Sohil sir for joining us ah online. He is currently ah at one of the GCF meetings and he was really ah pleased to have joined us. So if I can request MIA’s team to kindly display the screen. So he’ll Thank you so much once again for joining us and I think ah taking lead from what doctor Fahad has also mentioned some of the ah interventions will be looking at is how can Pakistan align its climate financing leads with the ah some of the global financing mechanisms such as GCF to scale the low carbon development projects and also if you can ah if you touch upon what are some of the challenge in assessing these funds and how we can actually streamline this for Pakistan so once again thank you so much sir for joining us yours. Yeah. Thank you very much for inviting me and specially making this provision when I am at the moment sitting in GCF ah attending the GCF board meeting and it’s really ah ah I mean it’s it’s good to ah listen to the speakers and ah the mention about ah increasing ah contributions to UNF triple C financing, financial mechanisms and ah also other points which are very so I mean ah Pakistan’s ah ah ah the potential at the moment is among us. I mean I won’t take it ah from a negative perspective because ah if you just look at the Green Climate Fund while sitting here I can see ah many other countries which are much smaller in size. And ah ah their needs are also not that ah ah significant as ours. Ah we are the front line state when it comes to ah climate ah ah I mean unleashing ah ah issues. So events happening in Pakistan. That’s I mean I don’t need to go into details because lot of speakers know about it and they have touched upon it. But I mean I I would really stress upon ah using this opportunity to ah ah Pakistan for Pakistan to really ah I mean if it is going to be a climate finance cop. I think we need ah the first thing to start with is to have a universal definition of climate finance. Because at this moment ah there is noone universal definition. The only definition in which we really refer to is ah just a very I mean it cannot be referred to but UN definition which talks about ah ah climate finance being ah resources and instruments ah addressing both adaptation and mitigation in simplistic terms. But for Pakistan what it means is two things. One is that it you you have to raise, mobilize resources, that is one pillar of climate finance. And the other pillar is deployment. And I think these two pillars are equally important. At the moment we are a lot of significance to raising resources. But we should not lose our sight on the delivery side also. Because our delivery mechanisms have to be robust to receive. It’s like ah if I give an example of a power project you can produce energy but if your system cannot uptake it or you don’t have the connectivity. What use that power is or what use that energy is. I’m just giving a very simplistic kind of example. But this is exactly what is going to happen if we do not address both the things at the same time. Having said so, how do we use the ah car? I mean ah raising resources we definitely as I mentioned in the beginning we ah I mean when I use the word potential because we are at the lowest app when it comes to using the ah UNF triple C financial mechanism. What to talk about non-UN financial ah mechanism like MDPs and others. Because I have ah personally I have ah ah serious issues about ah accounting, about attribution to ah to the climate finance ah ah when we come to the MDBs and others because you can add billions but is it really ah are your systems ah kind of attuned to climate finance ah a big no because I have worked with MDB for 10 years. And ah I know that ah ah I mean, you just, you can attribute any, especially, as far as adaptation projects are concerned, you can, you can, attribute anything to climate finance, but that should not be the case. We are the ones who are really the effective and we don’t need to tap our chest anymore on that. I mean, we need to really be very clear that even at this moment, the climate flows are at a very, I would say elementary form. They do not really ah ah ah if I put a very serious test to these ah flaws I may not be able to even justify 50% of these may be making a very ah ah strong and a very disturbing statement to most of the ah climate analysts but the I mean just to justify that we are at 1 billion mark and then we still see that ah you know these climate finance institutions are only ah giving in hardly 3% or 4percent of the total doesn’t take sense. I mean these for example having worked for GCF for four years as the portfolio head. I mean the main reason for having GCF was on top of all these MTVs. There was by the way there was a lot of resistance when GCF was being set up by the MTPs. And the why it was formed? Because ah I mean the current or even the past setup of the MDB’s were never in line with the climate needs and requirements. I mean ah so that is another issue that we may want to really develop on that he may be doing a cosmetic or a ah I mean just ah lip service to this issue by saying that this much of the portfolio is a climate finance but we need to be because we are at the receiving and we need to be sure that what we get is for is a climate finance ah fund and not ah not something which comes in as a as a normal I mean, development fund. So, I, I am, I am quite clear on the differentiation of development and climate finance. This differentiation needs to set in to our ah policy makers when they go and have a dialogue sit across in the core. They need to be clear on the definition and I would urge that we use the ah the green zones, the blue zones, effectively to display our projects. I think we have a number of projects even if it comes to carbon ah ah carbon even if it comes to floods. So we need to be a little forthcoming in telling them that we are not just thumping our chest just like that. We are doing things. And these are we should showcase and tell the world that we are doing these projects and give this offer take this opportunity of ah ah these these different ah ah forums or what you call these ah ah different ah I mean as you have ah ah Pakistan’s pavilion, different pavilions. I won’t restrict ourselves to Pakistan pavilion only. I would say that spread the world because we are we should take the lead in in bringing up the voice of the youth, of the people who are left behind. I mean, we are the ones who should not be left behind when they say don’t leave anyone behind. We are being left behind. So, we need to come up and say that we need to come up front. So, I mean, I don’t want to touch upon all the figures. I don’t have a presentation. But I am just touching upon the general things which I feel that COP 29 oh sorry the next cop being the Climate Finance Cop gives us an opportunity to talk about both ah the raising the resources and then deploying the resources through call it that swaps, call it carbon markets, call it ah sustainability bonds, you name it, I mean you have the white ah spread open to us, but the bottom line is we cannot afford any more deaths. And whatever we we should have a strategy of debt neutral approach Meaning that nothing less than finance which doesn’t add to our misery or debt build up. So I would say that any climate undertaking should have this ah built in that we not increase the debt of the country. I think I can stop here because I I know there are many things on my mind. I I can answer questions if there are any ah the later stage but I I I don’t want to because I don’t have a presentation. So I am just talking of my head and sitting in GCF gives me a lot of energy to do that. Thank you. No, thank you, thank you, wonderful, wonderful interventions. Thank you so much. Soil Saab and yeah, exactly, thank you. And so, wonderful intervention and thank you for giving clarity on what needs to be Pakistan’s top and I think taking lead from what Doctor Khalid has mentioned, Dr. Fahad has mentioned also. Sahib Saab has mentioned that we need to go for a debt neutral approach for any of the climate commitments that we again talk about. So, that’s something that’s really coming as one of the way consensus based points from discussion. So, I think taking a discussion forward and moving from also the points that many of the speakers have already highlighted. One of the very key developments that we will see happening at this cop would be around the carbon markets and we are very pleased to have with us. Uh so, sir, Sansab, from our question from you would be like, what are some of the key developments we’ll see happening around carbon markets at Co op 2nine and what should be Pakistan’s stance around them. Also, if given U experience around this ah sector if you can also highlight some of the gaps which should be addressed for those developments to make a direct impact on the ah the industries or the private sector or even the communities of ah Pakistan. So thank you one ah again for joining us ah over to you. Assalamu alaikum ji, thank you for having me. Ah carbon markets is going to play a very important role at Co op this year. Ah especially article six because you know the old compliance market which was called CDM is no longer and there was a lot of gaps and that. They have tried to make article six more robust. Last year they couldn’t come to a decision on it and hopefully this year they will come to decision on it on article 6. 4 especially, which will be a compliance mechanism for governments to trade emissions. Um a lot of money is being channeled into article six by First World Governments. Uh one of the cases you can see is Ghana. Ghana has benefited a lot from direct carbon finance. And as the gentleman perform said it’s not debt, it’s actually ah project financing Ah Switzerland just invested $900 million dollars in Ghana. Just to do carbon projects, article six projects which they require for their own emission quotas. Ah we have been working really hard in Pakistan also To get our policy up and running. We are hoping to launch our policy at Cop this year. We are having a carbon event. Ah policy is very investor friendly because of course it’s a competitive market with Indonesia, Ghana and the likes of other African nations. Ah our policy will be very inviting. We have opened up all our sectors to be invested in. Ah which will be aligned with our NDCs. And ah you know we we have seen a Barclays report that this market could be ah valued at about two hundred fifty billion dollars by 2030. So you know it’s about five years, 6 years away. And forget 10% if you can even get 2% of that. That’s $5 billion dollars right there. So we are ah you know working day and night ah reaching out to buyer nations as you call them who are buyers of article six. We are in touch with the few nations. Ah we have written to our embassies also. Ah to get get us in touch with our relevant counterpart. So ah one of the key pillars is called the G2G bilateral agreement. Which is binding. Through which nation by ah the emissions of other nations and then they pay for corresponding adjustments. Ah on their inventory books. So it’s a bit of a technical subject but what what’s important is that if any country or any ah private entity from that country invests in Pakistan into the carbon markets not only will they will be helping us achieve our NDCs. They will be investing heavily into technology transfer into foreign investment. Ah job creation and once they export some of those credits out for their own inventories, they will be paying us corresponding adjustment fees. Which fees will go to into our climate change fund and with that we will be doing more climate change activities to lower our NDCs. Ah already our NDC’s are very ambitious at fifty percent. Ah 35% is conditional. 15% is unconditional. Ah and we are a very low emitting nation compared to others. So we have taken up a very target I’d say. So that shows globally that we are leading from the front. in climate change. Um and a lot of nations will be now looking at through cop to invest in ah developing countries like Pakistan. We have had significant amounts of money monetized in carbon markets which people don’t know through the voluntary markets. Ah during the days of renewable energy. Ah the see DM days. You must have heard of terms like Vera, gold standard, things like this. But one key aspect for carbon markets is very important for everybody to understand that there is a global shift. You see when you talk about renewable energy, that means you are avoiding carbon. You set up a renewable energy project. You are avoiding carbon from emitting because you are burning less fuel. Now, global carbon markets are shifting towards removals. So, to answer your question, what should be our position and our stance? We should heavily ah ah increase our knowledge about carbon markets, removal markets especially CDR, carbon dioxide removals and there are some great concepts out there I mean ah NRSP has been working on it ah I think NAST has been working on it there is something called biochar right so what’s biochar? Biochar is you do paralysis of agri waste ah and it’s literally black gold and what does it, it absorbs the carbon. So, if a normal avoidance credit price is at two, 3, $4 right now, a removal credit like a biochar credit is valued at 60 to $70 to be sold. And that biochar when you use it as a fertiliser or as an additional fertilizer for your crops, it increases your yield by 25% of your water retention, your PH level goes down, your yield increases, and then it has other mechanisms also you can mix biochar and cement to make negative concrete. Ah there is another thing called ERW enhanced rock weathering. Where you this bay salt mines you they absorb through rain a lot of carbon and then you can grind that powder, use it as fertilizer. ah also. So two of the key aspects which we are stance will be and everybody should look into is definitely the compliance article six compliance market which is coming up. Which at some will unify with the with the voluntary market in the coming years, I believe, just like how crude oil used to be, they used to be like ten types of crude oil in the sixties, 70s and now there is one. Ah and the second is the removals market and removals technologies. Which can be very helpful for ah our agri based economy also. So these are the two ah main key takeaways I’d suggest at the moment. Yeah thank you. Thank you so much wonderful suggestions. So yeah ah let me just now invite ah the co moderator of this session. Zainab Zainab is specialises in bringing voices from around around able. So, ah with this we’ll moving more towards an open floor discussion if anyone of you would like to sort of highlight. So let me invite Zainab to sort of initially pitch some of the questions and then we’ll be taking your interventions around those. Yeah, thank you. Thank you. Thank you so much Ubet and once again ah good afternoon everyone. So I think ah we do understand the technical realities now as ah Doctor Fahad Saeed and SN Saab. Ah they have very aptly ah you know put forward the technical aspects around low carbon development and what needs to be done. So a very straight forward question to the participants sitting here and it’s not just that I am keen to know the response but I think everybody at the moment is keen to learn how we will be moving forward with it. So in context of low carbon development, how do you think Pakistan should negotiate at Cop 29? What should be the key priority or action area where Pakistan can negotiate effectively ah and you know bring forward the finance ah that is actually required within specific sectors. So ah I think I’ll I’ll pause this question to Maj Shasab. If if if you can respond. Well, thank you for the question. I am representing the Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Development which is one of the two OIC bodies that are headquartered in Pakistan. Most of you who are here in Islamabad know of Comsteck which is on Constitutional Avenue and the Southern of Pakistan is the chairperson but there is another lesser known and should be more well known particularly for Pakistanis. the Islamic Chamber of Commerce which is headquartered in Karachi. Um Broadly speaking, you know, obviously the OIC, particularly representing the private sector, through the chambers of commerce, we’ve been discussing Islamic financial solutions, to improve Islamic economy, and particularly, we’ve come to notice that this Islamic finance and particularly in Pakistan has taken a very front footing. In fact, you give reference that what we’re going to do in Cop 29, in Cop 28 there is a company that was showcased on behalf of Pakistan called Vilektra. Vilektra was obviously EV bikes, the EV revolution as you know, 80% of our consumer base, transportation is based on motorbikes. To convert that, we’re looking at almost $500 million dollars worth of carbon credits. But how to tap into that? How do you get the common man to come on board? The common man needs financing. Needs finance he is willing to take. Which he is not willing to take from the conventional banks. The frank reality is the ballooning of car financing, motorbike financing, housing, all consumer based financing has been dominated by Islamic banks. The whole human cry for the past 20 years of financial inclusion of Pakistanis to use the banking system and millions of dollars were spent on development projects to do that. We’re all a failure. When you compare Islamic Bank Revolutions. Because that was the key crux that convinced people to use the banking. Because when you ask the average Pakistani, why don’t you use banking? The common response was because it’s interest and it’s haram. And when Islamic banks in the past 20 years, have developed Ijara, Musharaka, Mudavara, and the various different solutions. That has enabled normal Pakistanis to actually come, join the banking system and then look into these type of solutions. We talk about the success of banks and I’m not here to, you know, promote any bank or anything but the facts speak for themselves. Mizan Bank holds the lion share in car financing. So, how are you going to get these EV vehicles on the roads? You going to do it to Islamic financing? And that is going to be your partners. In fact, the government of Pakistan right now is in the discussion to launch the green sukkok for financing. And who are they doing it with? The Islamic banks. Your existing 60% loans in this country currently are being given by 25% Islamic banks. And the 40percent loans are coming from the 75% conventional banks. As we know the recent amendment not only changed the climate ah fundamental right. It also brought together a very old principle that was actually part of the original constitution of Pakistan until it was removed. 3-8 F. The elimination of Riba by January twenty twenty-eight. And this is of course in line with the federal Shri Youth court ruling that is also to eliminate that and the banks on that. The state bank is on that. And the facts speak for them selves. So I think this is something that we need to showcase primarily there and if you think that this is something that you know for Islamic countries or anything that most people that may be surprised here but ah the UK, London is the capital of Islamic financing in the world. Why? Because the British, the Bank of England realized the benefit of this to attract financing From the gulf. London is the capital of Islamic financing globally. Yes. And it’s not Pakistan where modern conventional finance Islamic financing was born here in nineteen eighty. During ah presidency Al Haq’s time period. But we seem to have sideline that. Malaysia took the banner, they went forward and we are looking at $2 trillion dollars worth of sukkok. With the current numbers of ESG based financing is 13% of that. When we look at Islamic charitable ah solutions and this is something that we are working at the Islamic Chamber of Commerce. On green rock. What is wok? What is an Islamic sustainable solution that has proven itself for 1400 years? The of still to date benefits people in Mecca. Till today. Apologies but if you can please keep it a bit but I’m saying is that when you look at Islamic financing not only as a practical solution for the consumer base. Because that’s how like EV as a test case. You can look at Valectra. You can ask them. How the consumer base is coming from. The when you look at Islamic charitable solutions. In Pakistan, we’re looking at 10 trillion, $10 billion dollars annually. If you can create a work mechanism and we’re working on this green work financing in which people can give their and zakat towards species of land that can generate carbon credit. This is a whole area that is not being talked about. And that’s something hopefully that I think Pakistan can showcase because there’s a lot of good stuff happening. That on this angle particularly the Islamic Jewish pronunciation. And if I just on a side note. Sorry I would hate to intervene but I’m afraid that we are running out of time. Yeah. Thank you very much for your comments. Um I think that one of the very pertinent issues that Fahad you had in your presentation and Sohail also alluded to was the fact that Pakistan was getting left behind. Um Fahad in your presentation you showed that Pakistan receives only about half of the volume of climate finance that Bangladesh receives and it will be very interesting to understand what are the factors that point to that and what lessons can we take from this particular example and how can we improve it for say for cop 29 noting that obviously we’re not going there for pledges or to secure financing but how do we stand in better stead? Thank you. Yeah, thank you very much for this question. So, we and I think that there’s no simple answer to that. So, our strategy in COP 2-nine should be that we need to engage as we know that in the group of LMDCs, there are different developing countries and the multilateralism is also in danger. So, that we all recognize. Which is the backbone of the of different processes whether we talk about IDA, whether we talk about climate finance and around all that. So, we must acknowledge the importance of multilateralism ah considering that Pakistan is one of the most affected countries to to climate change. So, we should engage, we should understand the narrative and the points coming from the developed country, and we need to get it going, you know, and other part of your question, so we have was that, that why Pakistan has received their different reasons to that, when Pakistan sorry, Pakistan hasn’t been ah you know ah ah in terms of investment In terms of investment to ah attract the foreign investment Hello, yeah. So, the condition in Pakistan over the, over the few large few decades haven’t been ideal for the to attract foreign investors. So, that was one of the reason because as I shared in one of my slides that the private sector investment was was only zero. point00 1 billion dollars. I mean, it’s just very miniscule. So, the conditions need to be optimized to attract the investment. So, that is the first reason and while looking inwards, we need to come up with the bankable projects. Bankable projects to attract the investment of the ehm after of the investor, of course, not only private, but it can also be public, and, again, to, access the funding from CIUFs, such as, GCF, Jeff’s and adaptation one, we need to, you know, enhance our capacity to come up with the bankable projects. Ah, to, and, especially where one of my fellow colleagues also said that ah, carbon credits is something we need to ah you know enhance ah the opportunity to make use of this opportunity and we need to have a cross sector, cross ministerial strategy ah to bringing in all the stakeholder including ah businessman including ah academia and the practitioners as well as the policy makers to attract that kind of financing. Thank you. Thank you so much doctor. Uh Fahad so yeah just quickly we just have 2 minutes left if anyone has any quick interventions before I come to our colleagues for any final remarks that they have. Uh yes please. But please just take one or one and a half minute. Yeah we just need recommendations from you at this point at least. Uh sir I just I like have a suggestion or a kind of you could say it is of course a suggestion. Uh sir Asan mention about like biochar. So ah what I have seen that in Bangladesh and India ah they usually go for like nature based solutions. Ah and ah when it comes to Pakistan we are like mostly dependent on ah quite ah cost intensive ah projects and solutions to reduce our carbon emissions. So that’s why I think that the international ah sorry the multilateral forums they prefer to like fund their initiatives more than ours. So ah a few that I have seen like ah when it comes to like biochar during my bachelors I I was involved in a lab work with my professor mentor ah doctor Mohammad Naveed from University of Agriculture Faisalabad he was preparing by HR he was the only person in our university who was working on it so the main problem we had like ah the complex bureaucratic and official system of Pakistan that is a hindrance for ah like attracting investment in such sectors. Like I think there should be a mechanism just like SIFC. It is working on attracting foreign investment on a few specific sectors. There should be a mechanism for like promoting such solutions like you just talked about biochar. We were not actually working on agriculture waste. We were working on the organic waste from the municipal ah waste that has been collected. Especially ah again ah if you can just pitch the question please. Yes so I mean like is there any progress going on or I think there should be ah some kind of like initiative by the government as you are the member of the committee that is ah specifically working on that climate financing to like promote such local solutions Yeah, I think the question is clear. We are working on it. We are working with the ministry of agriculture also to have a trickle down effect where they can create these programs for farmers and agriculture based. But very important is funding you know you need to be a little I mean it’s very funny to say but link is a great resource. I mean you need to run your pilots, right? Biochar may be you don’t need to paralysis machine. There is a thing called a quantity method. You it’s fifty, 60, 000 rupees, you can make that and you can make your own biochar. Get some pilots going. It’s the world of social media. Start emailing people, cold calling people and you will get the funding there. The government is working on it also. That’s why we are creating programs and especially these big corporates where fertilizer companies and also we are creating programs to trickle it down to farmers because in the end of the day, they are the end users for forestation, for biochar, for ah water and you know rice paddies. So that’s all happening but my suggestion is take a small ah area, do a small pilot, get out there, get in touch with people and the world is a oyster, you can get ah you can get in touch with a lot of important people like me. Yes, yeah, exactly. Thank you, thank you so much. The rest of the comments will very shortly be depicting a QR code over here and then you can sort of scan, there will be a form and you can leave all of your comments and suggestions around that but we’ll also be having a discussion on the same ah around the loss and damage and security in the next session as well. So ah just in the interest of time we have to go for a break very shortly Yes please. Ah yeah. That’s it. Yeah. Peace. Thank you GIZ and Sovia and SDPI. I just want to add here that Pakistan is already been affected from the climate change and we have seen a lot of cops ah before and now this time a cop has been placed in Azerbaijan. So the this round table discussion is on a climate finance. So I personally believe being a ah I am heading chairman agriculture standing committee in FPCCI. And also central vice president of Pakistan Business Forum. So I am bringing two hats. So, agriculture is my ah one of the favourite subject and I am ah mostly dealing this sector ah from the last so many years. So I personally believe that Pakistan needs ah climate resilient food systems. Ah because the this climate change is affected ah much our agriculture sector. We have to feed 25 million of the population. So in this twenty-nine ah we have to take up such policy ah before the donors in Baku ah that Pakistan needs certain financial support ah to to develop climate resilient food systems with the help of ah international ah ah research centres with the help of our local universities ah because until unless if we can’t establish this ah ah system ah Pakistan ah have to be suffer a lot. Because if we have to ah if our agriculture sector is going down ah through climate change we have seen that every year our wheat crop has been affected to somehow this time our cotton crop has much very much very much affected in the province of Sindh. So our import bill has to be increased ah if we can’t stop this. Ah we have to develop new varieties. ah who can mitigate the effects of the climate change. Thank you. Thank you, thank you so much sir. Sir, let me just ah points and let me just now come to ah Miss Sobia for her final interventions if she has any before we close the session. Then yeah I think thank you so much everyone. Doctor Khalid, would you like to add on to any last points, yeah, all good. Then perhaps you can go to the break and again just to sort of ah mention that will shortly depicting a QR code here and many of you have any further suggestions for this particular panel you can also leave the ah comments and suggestions over there as well so yeah we’ll be reconvening after 45 minutes at ah 115 where we we start the next two wonderful discussions around the loss and damage and CQG and then we’ll have a ah another round table on the Climate Resilience and adaptation as well so yeah thank you so much everyone. Thank you. Bye. Yeah, I believe you can join us for the lunch. It’s served at the back. Yeah, of course. Where’s the main point, I guess, perhaps, yeah. Free cop event which is being organized by Park German. Climate and Energy Partnership ah and SDPI. Ah so I think this is the right time ah when Cop twenty-nine is just around the corner. Although this dialogue is not just the first of its kind. PG Sep has been doing a lot of ah dialogues and debates ah throughout the year. And this is a sort of you know ah conclusion on how ah things should be formalized and specially what should be the position at Cop29 in context of climate finance specifically. So because we all understand the fact that Cop twenty9 is being termed as the climate cop, sorry, Climate Finance Cop this year and ah there are so many things that are being expected. Ah they might get materialized ah in context of climate finance specially the new collective quantified goal. Ah we are not sure yet what will be happening in context of adaptation, financing and L and D but we have with us our respected ah guest today who will be sharing their and specially the point on you know ah what can be expected, what they think will get materialized and how Pakistan should be taking its stance forward. So without further ado I would like to request ah mister Bilal Anwar, CEO NDRMF for his comments ah in context of the session. This round table discussion that we are hosting on loss and damage financing and mechanisms and new collective quantified gold. So my Question will be specifically directed towards ah you being the head of NDRMF and also developing the financing framework for Pakistan. How do you see this NCQG and LND being materialized ah getting materialised at Cop 29 and what are your hopes and expectations? Thank you. Uh good afternoon everyone and thank you very much. Thank you for this very very specific question, very structured question and focused question. And well first of all as you mentioned so this cop is every cop is important. It’s his own self and interestingly before every single cop actually when we are preparing for it and international community is preparing for it. And we actually come up with a ah a number of a new kind of a terminology not new terminology but a kind of a new ah ways of expressing the importance and emphasizing the importance of ah of every single cop. Ah sometime ah it’s a it’s a it’s a the most critical point in the history of the curves. Other times it’s a reflection point or inflection point and ah similarly ah the number of other ah the other kind of a technical jargon has been used. So without really denouncing the importance of ah the cops and they all have been actually ah stating the process forward. They have been pushing the process forward and that’s ah we are at a stage actually we can we can talk and ah ah we can talk in some some kind of a sensible number in terms of ah ah the limited limitations and the the the quantitative limitation on green house gas emissions, the targets and similarly this has actually ah translating into the numbers in the in the climate finance as well. Now I think ah ah there are couple of ah there are couple of ah kind of a scenarios which we need to ah take into consideration. And ah I’ll be little kind of a hesitant to ah raise a very ah definitive number in terms of the in terms of the gaps or in terms of the flow of the climate finance which is globally happening. Because of ah very fundamental reason ah that ah ah the global community has been shying away, successfully shying away to come up with a globally agreed definition for climate finance. And that actually has put us in a situation where ah the numbers actually varies from especially for the climate finance flows the number varies from something around 1. 3 or two point one point three three trillions and down to around $200 billion dollars. So, depends which definition, functional definition want to take out of the toolkit and you apply and you you can come up with the any number which is which falls somewhere in between. Now, I think the one way of looking at it is that may be the number is not important and we do not really have to be too much worried about it. Uh as far as there is this kind of a common standing that ah ah there is a need to be done and the need is very big it’s it’s kind of a humongous need and then ah ah the other thing is the financing ah to match up is just just just not there You know we talk a lot about the public finance, the concessional finance and the non concessional and the private sector finance. I think ah it boils down to some things very very simple and ah to the point that ah ah whatever number we want to take out of the basket the number is the the amount of the money or the quantity of the money of the capital is not available. Even if we look at into a kind of aggregate or cumulative fashion ah both from the public financing as well as from the from the from the private sector capital which ah which the which the ah the global community has been able to mobilize. Now this is a kind of a gloomy picture. This is like the like a very pessimistic view of it. And ah it’s not ah it’s it’s it’s it’s not driven by by the intention that okay we should, we should say that, okay, there is no hope and we should you know, we cannot do much much about it, but I think, the one, I want to bring ah, bring an element or a, or a flavor of positivity into it as well, that yes, ah, the one thing is that the targets which we are trying to achieve, which is in the, in the, in the, in the emission reductions or, or, or tapping the, the global temperature between 1. 5 to 2degree centigrade, and, and then aligning that, okay, what kind of climate action need to be triggered out of it? And then actually matching the numbers and come up with some sensible, some quantifiable numbers. So, this is ah this is what is ah ah I believe and some of the work and some of the development which is actually I am seeing in the pre cop. Ah this is also pre cup and one of in several pre cup sessions which are actually happening globally as well ah but most prominently what is happening in the UNFCC process. And ah they are reviewing the information, they are synthesizing the information in the climate finance in the new ah quantifies ah ah the targets which they are going to be coming up and then there are also synthesizing the information which is coming out of the out of the NDC’s and then further conject the numbers out of the out of the NDC’s. I think to me that is the most ah ah reasonable, rational oriented and the scientific way of looking at it. Anything else is just going to be the hot air which ah ah with passage of time is just going to be evaporating and not really giving us any sensible way of the moving forward. Now, this is a rather long, long introduction as an for your very specific question. Um but I I feel I felt the need for to do so just to just to lay out the context. And the both sides of the coin, both the pessimistic but the other one is more slightly more kind of a positive positive oriented. Now, I think what I believe is you know, the some of the information which has been come to come to the come to the surface and come to the public what I am seeing is there is at the next cup there is going to be a very very strong demand and there is going to be a very strong pressure that ah ah the numbers ah especially within the loss and damage context the numbers need to be scaled up and they need to be scaled up significantly and dramatically otherwise ah it is going to be very difficult and I think the developing countries should not leave the corridors they should not leave the meeting halls without having a very concrete decision on on that. Having said that, what is that decision? I think, it, it, it, it just cannot be in a definitive term, but it can, can be up to the level of definity that ah, ah, whatever the amount of climate finance is being is flowing right now. There has to be 100% or 200, 300% increase. Some X amount of the increase and the an agreed commitment which need to be, to be coming from the, from the developing, developed site, developed countries. I think this is something which need to be, which to be ah addressed which need to be as a minimum which need to be achieved at the at the at the next cup. Now the other thing is ah I think ah within the ah ah within the loss and damage I think ah the one debate which need to be brought back into the into the discourse and ah Sheikh Sab is here and I am sure that he is going to be talking either in a agreement manner with me or disagree with me either way is going to be beneficial for all of us. But I think the in the entire debate, in the entire discussion and the negotiations on loss and damage. We have lost quite a fundamental and critical element of it. Which was related to the ah liability ah ah debate. I think ah ah that is not in the original decision. But that debate has to be brought back in. Otherwise it is going to be ah just ah a kind of a bottomless or or or or a kind of a fund which is not based on any kind of ah ah firm commitments. There might be some money actually put into that but it’s not really going to be suffice. It’s not going to be sufficient for the needs. So the numbers ah ah coming out of the ah the quantifier numbers. I think the need to be based on matched up with the climate action. And ah and then ah ah some scientific ah rationale need to be established which basically shows or establishes ah how to fuel that climate action. And the financing need to be ah brought in a in a more scientific manner and I think I personally believe ah very much that the ah compensatory or liability or whatever term we want to use that need to be brought back into the into the into the loss and time debate because otherwise it’s just up in the air, it’s hanging, it’s not really providing much guidance. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you very much and indeed yes, we are not very hopeful but in context of financing needs, I believe Pakistan needs to do a lot of homework. Uh whenever we are going into these kind of negotiations and you’re absolutely spot on about about that and L and D of course we must not be hopeful about that you know, not much hopes but I think in context of Pakistan’s own preparations, I believe there’s a lot that can be done even now. We have time and specially with with people like you ah Takir Saab and of course ah others I believe ah you being at Cop 29 will will be a value addition for Pakistan. If we are able to negotiate these financing mechanisms. So thank you for that. Ah so before I request ah Takir Saab ah we have been joined by ah Soin K. I I am sorry if I am pronouncing your name correctly. Please correct me if I am I am not. So ah I request you to please ah ah do the scene setting and also if you can ah briefly introduce yourself. Thank you. Yeah and thank you very much. Um I’m of course very delighted to be setting the scene for this distinct roundtable. I also saw some familiar faces. Um so I’m going to I call it risk and adaptation department at United Nation University Institute of Environment and Human Security and also represent the Climate Finance and Climate and Disasterous Finance topic within the institute and I’m leading an initiative called the Munich Climate initiative which specifically looks into insurance and non-deb introducing financing tools. So I was asked to give a little bit of a scene setter. There was another scene setter before me. Um so just to say I think we are looking at a true moment at Cop29 but also throughout the year and going forward and I mean the challenges are enormous. Um we basically need to change all aspects of society and economy that comes with it’s with enormous investment needs. So there have been some figures for example to say by 2030 we need to mobilize 1010 trillion US dollars and a quarter of that at least in the emerging and developing countries and that doesn’t take into account also the loss and damage financing needs which were rightly addressed previously. Um so this is the challenge we are up against. Um and they are like several processes and important decision milestones this year specifically at Cop but also going beyond that. And I wanted to have a quick overview on those. Um so of course we have the new collective bonfire goal. Um there has been an elaborated process throughout the past two years and including technical expert dialogues but also engaging the political level also including at the pre-cop and we’ve also seen now the negotiation draft framework coming out and so I think the kind of challenges are quite clear. We also don’t necessarily have full agreement. Um there are still quite a few open points including for example on the structure of the goal like do we have like a single goal or do we have like several multi-layered goals? Both of which has advantages but also disadvantages. We’re talking also about the nature and also maybe the scope or the thematic of the new collective quantified goals. So for example do we have sub goals or mitigation for adaptation? How do we deal or how does the the cop deal with loss and damage finance which is not part of article nine of the Paris Agreement but clearly there’s a need by developing for developing countries to to have also quantum on that. Um there are also questions around for example the contributions on the contributors also whether we are going to tap into the same type of resources as for the previous climate finance call or whether we are talking about new sources of finance and instruments. Um then also how to specifically go into the needs of developing countries whether there will be for example floors, for and how how high these floors will be for say small and developing states, for least developed countries or for other vulnerable developing countries. And then of course we also have like other aspects where the nuclear climate finance goal might have like a signaling function to other processes be the be these in the private sector to private investors be it to other decisions in the body laterals base. So many open questions, very high expectations. I think the cop presidency is right to call this out as one out of two pillars for Cop 29 and Climate Finances and important ingredient and to some extent also prerequisite to enable climate action. So this is one of the components that I think needs to come out of Cop 29 and constitutes the moment I am talking about. The second topic I wanted to quickly say and that also has been addressed and I see Ali also part of the room is the loss and damage fund and funding arrangement where I think last we can agree it has been one of the big outcomes of the conference. Um so we have a fund that needs to be fully operationalized. Uh we have some pledges. Uh these pledges also need to be turned into foil patches this year and the conditions for that need to be met. But there are also by no means enough to the different needs that we can establish. So I mean there are definitely different figures flying around but we can fully agree that just about 600 million is not going to be enough even for individual countries let alone for a global fund. So this is a little bit the challenge, the process that this year has been or the have been very heavily on process and I think it’s fair to say that the board also met the kind of expectations what needs to be there going into this cop but at the same time many of the discussions and decisions on strategy and kind of for example also the resource allocation and the programming or the the the funding approach is still very much open and will not be discussed. Uh prior to cop but also going into the board meetings. Uh the next board meeting and the board meetings happening after that. Um one topic that is on the agenda is the loss and damage funding arrangement also part of the leader’s dialogue with the mandated event. Um and the forum and I think that’s also an interesting avenue noting also that Pakistan is already aiming to also be part of the loss and damage funding arrangement working with different international actors. And so here to basically raise the profile I think it’s also an important outcome of Cop Cop 29. And then maybe the last one last point I wanted to say why does it constitute a moment? Um there are also other processes outside of the UNF triple C that are relevant to finance climate action and developing countries such as Pakistan. and for example we have and the topic of reform to the international financial architecture make make the international financial architecture climate fit for purpose. We do have like a new norm setting through the pack for the future coming out of the summit of the future just happening in conjunction to the UN General Assembly last month. Um and I mean that debate also constitutes several kind of elements right? And then there’s also question whether the cop can signal to these debates as well and I mean these elements for example include how to go about the increasing debt burden which is also in parts linked to climate impacts. How to how how to deal with that and a discussion which has been become more tricky on also from a technical perspective. Mark Ricky as we have more more creditors private and public creditors entering the scene. But definitely a big issue for many vulnerable countries. So that’s one question. Then another question is also how can the the investment offering for example by multilateral development banks but also others. How can that be increased? How can we also normalise instruments such as natural disaster clauses in in in in in in public debt? How can we normalise these instruments? So many questions but also I would say a very important debate and yeah, the question is whether the cup 29 can provide signals into that, the decisions will not be taken in the cup process, but definitely there can be, some momentum going out, and then also this transpiring to, for example, the World Bank meetings, or, also the other relevant for next year, we have the international fourth international conference for development finance, which is then, again, the UN forum that will take that will discuss these topics. So these were the three aspects I was thinking about Um that I would like to see progress on in terms of Cop 2nine. And of course also very much seeing Pakistan was reflected which is like one of the momentum bringers also in the process. And ja. With that I hope you have very good discussions in the roundtable. Thank you see you soon at Cop 29. Yeah definitely ah thank you so much for for very ah important comments that you have made ah in context of the expectations and also ah the questions that you have posed ah I believe ah our panelists ah will have ah responses to those questions. So I now request ah Mr. Ali Thakir ah for his ah remarks and also for his technical presentation and may I please request my IT team to provide the pointer. Sir you would you like to go to the podium or ah you can present him. Okay. Sir, you have to present there, yes, sorry. And of course the CPI for organizing this discourse. As far as I know, this is the first discourse in open space. Talking about these two issues. LDF, loss and damage fund mechanisms. And new collective quantified goals. Um I’m also speaking for the first time about these issues in public domain. And I have tried to countless presentation I may have given on this on these issues. I have tried to keep it ah somewhat relevant for everyone, so that those who are not, do not have a particularly strong background in this, as well as those who are following these issues more closely, I hope I’ll not lose anyone. And in the process, I want to thank, first of all, Bilal for setting an excellent stage. And Sonke, you, I hope you’re still connected. And it was very good to see you. I think we’ve first time we worked on loss and damage issues as in 200 8. Ah, when we developed certain methodologies. How to measure loss and damage. And we undertook some case studies in Pakistan and several other countries and so, okay. Um, I have a very fond memories of that work. Now, about loss and damage, let’s first know, it’s a new fund. It took nine years to Green Climate Fund to operationalize. And this one was established last year in December. And by now we have appointed an executive director. Ah we have signed an agreement with World Bank to serve as a fund manager We have signed an agreement with Philippines to serve as a host country. We are in the process of operationizing the fund. Ah today’s topic perhaps. And we are preparing for a high level dialogue with the UN Secretary General and other key stakeholders to tell about our road plan. Ah we are debating access modalities ah who should be able to access when Um We are in this process. this is our discussion right now. And then some financial instruments that the fund can possibly use. And what are the funding pledges that we have so far and going forward. Ah what is our ambition? Ah I’ll I’ll be a little bit selective from these topics. Because I have to cover other aspects also. I picked direct access options that is today’s more relevant topic. And there are at five key concerns that have been raised. One is about the direct budgetary support. And the other one is about partnership. Ah with accredited agencies. These are the same agencies who let’s say have already been accredited by GCF, GIC is one of them. ADB is another one. IEFC is yet another one. And then you know many others. There is noone accredited from government of Pakistan yet. Ah for GCF. So therefore toxin will need to work with those who are already accredited. If interested to apply for such financing and then there is a very strong discussion that like Jeff they can be a small grants window. Particularly for communities, for CSOs, and sub national actors who may not always have the accreditation process. And then there is of course a pressure that there should be a window, a fast track response whenever there is a disaster. We should have money ah a truck load that we are able to give as a fund next morning. That’s the expectation whether or not this fund can do it. And then opposed to this, there is also thinking that we are about slow onset. And therefore, we have to think a long term programmatic approach, not project based or a disaster based response. Are some of the conversational discussions happening. Ah the issue assuming lot of Pakistanis are in sitting here and interested in ah how we can access. There is a discussion that may be there can be a dedicated window. Less stringent But more accessible to reach out to the communities, that’s where the first line of climate impact says. Ah and then implementation should be communities and that side steps budget. Their questions about the accountability and transparency mechanisms. May not be in place in every country. And then procedures are very cumbersome. Those of us who have worked on ah GCF. Sometimes takes probably eight years to get your proposal approved. And it’s very easy normal probably for three, four ah years to take. So there is a question, can the procedure be simplified? And it’s a difficult question, it’s not that you reduce the paperwork, But reducing paper work without compromising accountability and transparency, documentation requirement. And then there is of course trigger based, trigger based is exactly what I told you fast tracking. Let’s say there is a precipitation beyond a certain level in some country, you can imagine. There is a cyclone, you can imagine an island country. And there is a drought ah in large parts of an area. So these are trigger based mechanisms that are being debated. I want to get on to the second part of question which is more of a NCQG’s which is more of a tongue twister. Ah But just wanted to share with you the estimates I think. Sanket just mentioned a few figures. They are in trillions. They are very very large sums. To the extent that I know I may have missed. Pakistan has not occurred, not occurred any figure. That what should be this rise. We don’t know. The ambition. As far as I know, India has triggered ah announced its ambition for $1 billion dollar per year. But these are some of the mechanism that may be potentially available. Now, I’ll, I’m fast tracking and I hope you, I’m, I’m clear and I am not ah taking in all directions. It’s a tongue twister. It simply means that the previous target was $100 billion a year. And that target has not been met. While the world has begun to understand that the need is much bigger. And hundred billion target needs to be abandoned and the new target need to be adopted. More of a wish list That was necessitated by global stock tech that was presented in UAE cup. Those who need to fund ah will have several questions of their own economy, their own willingness, their own I think somebody mentioned compensation or more deeper challenges also but what what this mechanism is trying to do is to develop the cost of that stock tech. What would it take To respond to that stock taking of global challenge. That is the key question. And it needs a figure and therefore there is no agreed figure and despite our optimism ah some people think may be it will come in this cop and many more would think well not that easy that’s rethink Um So, there is an effort to develop a framework first. Or concurrently. Ah that framework could enable to develop the target. And the target cannot be static as a need changes from from 1. 5 degrees to 1. degrees to two degrees or 2. 5 degrees. Or whatever. Then the framework should have the ability to give a new figure. Like an endurance trade. Ah and then it’s it’s fundamentally about collective responsibility. Ah the the words like compensation attribution or retribution or out. Countries like Pakistan and 190 countries have already signed Paris agreement and Paris agreement has specific clause that that any any support is not based on compensation issues. That debate is has been locked. Yes, in the developing countries, we do try to raise that every now and then. But as far as the written word is concerned to which we have pledged and other countries are pledged. There is no question and therefore, the new framework is that it’s a collective responsibility. Imagine we are on a boat on one side of the board. I am sitting in from Pakistan. On the other side, GIZ is sitting from Germany. If the board is sinking, maybe I’ll draw first. But nobody on that boat would be safe. The most conservative figures that are coming are from a billion to a billion point three ah ah a trillion to a trillion point three every year. But on the other hand the importance is that the gap this is a fundamental question that I am restricting. The gap of financing and the needs is huge. Gap should be filled. I just want to give you an example. I don’t know how much Pakistan lost in 20 22 floods. Can somebody help me? 30 billion. According to our report. 30 billion is more than the total climate finance dispersed from early 90s to no globally. We started of with Jeff Pakistan has got a large number of project. All put together don’t even amount to $300 million. And the funds that we got from GCF, Pakistan never got those funds. Those funds were got accredited by the accredited agencies. Pakistan is not even an execution agency. So the money never goes to government of Pakistan’s account. It goes to the accredited agencies account and they manage. So look at where we are and look at the figure that we are using and therefore filling the gap based on international finance, this is an example of only one country. And only one disaster of them. We have at least another dozen such disasters from droughts to gloss that we can mention. There is an emphasis and therefore the, the, while we are trying to identify, define the gap, it is difficult to ignore where the money should go as a priority. A money developing countries in these negotiations have been saying, least developed countries. Countries like Pakistan are saying, well, I may be in theory. Ah low income, middle income country or whatever. But my abilities are very high. Therefore, let’s go beyond island nations and landlock countries and the least developed countries. And therefore the the support for vulnerable countries even though it’s moving to accommodate demands or request from countries like Pakistan the issue is not fully resolved nor is ah determined what should be the priorities in action ah in which areas in which society. Now these are only fictional figures. I I have never fascinated because my own absorption capacity is very limited. As a country, I have not demonstrated a capacity to write a $50 million dollar proposal. For a $5 million dollar proposal, I, I need global accredited agencies or donors to come and write proposals for me. So even if it trillions of dollars, my own capacity is very weak to access that. And the is not only grant writing For spending you need an ecosystem whereby you can spend money. We cannot spend money. Ah and our spending capacity if you wish to if you wanted to list it only by one example. The throw forward of the planning commissions, planning commissions, unfinished project is about 1300 project. And it is about 18 trillion rupees. And meaning by that even if our next 10 years we don’t design any new project try to finish. We still cannot finish the backlog. And I there is no project in Pakistan that finishes on time. There are always cost overloads. Therefore, you can set ambitious target, that’s not the mood point to negotiate even though it’s an important point to negotiate. Flows is important. Even if GCF operates at $50 million dollars. Do the analysis and find out where the flows are going. And flowings are not going to least develop countries. Landlord countries or less prepared countries like Pakistan. Their floors are not coming to developing countries by the same speed. Um quality of financial instruments need to be augmented, strengthened, enhanced, mainstream. There are many many challenges with that. And Dynamic word means that the data lines will change. Even if it’s 1 trillion today, may be 5 years time, it will be some other figure. Now, I want to take you. These are some of the, I use the word instruments in the previous slide. Ah, did I? Quality of financial institutions. These are the institutions that are being discussed. None of them are agreed. It will depend on the applicant country. Where they are, their preferences are, where their capacities are, where their needs are. But this is it’s a menu card. One blue line tells me that that a figure or a percentage that the developing countries country representatives have very frequently mentioned there. That at least half of it should be grounds. Do we want it? Do we want more? We want less. I don’t know if there was any process for us to determine. Whether or not the other side would agree. I don’t know. The government of Germany will say that okay. We’ll give you a billion dollar but half of it is free. You know, so that that’s a very very big question mark. and then first two or three are very favourite in Pakistan. We talk about that swap. We talk about blended or green balls and and and others. Last two or three I’m not often times mentioned but they are very much on the table law under discussion. One deals with this payment for environmental services. And second one deals with the SDRs. Special joint rights from multilateral institutions. Such as IMF and World Bank and others. The important thing is mood point is can really the grounds be as high in this this big target of one trillion that we are talking about can the world afford that? Developed economies can be willing for that? Can they actually afford that? And the second big question is assume for a moment, pick any one or two that you like. Or your organization likes or your favourite or unfavoured country likes. Do a quick mental exercise to identify the capacity gap. So even if these were adopted, we will need same accredited agencies. I hope GIG is not here for only two, three years. GIZ is here for next 100 years. Till the time we have the capacity to manage such proposals. I want to take you last couple of months. That’s not the only capacity gap. There are other technical capacity gaps. That I want to draw your attention to. We often try and talk about this. Leveraging public and private sector funds. Everybody talks about private sector fund. If I go to Anglo and say I am building something. I need $10 million dollars. Their language, their timelines, their priorities, their rate of return and their assessments will be very different. And and therefore this is not an easy issue. How do we leverage? From others. McDonald’s and especially private sector. And how do we mitigate financial risks and then enhancing access to finance? Our access to finance is next to zero. Pardon me for saying that. I hope somebody sitting here from the state of climate change can contest me. We have 120 some projects from Jeff. All of those projects were developed by NGOs. And the Ministry of Climate Change was only. A process manager. That’s the capacity that lack that we have. If you wish to access LDF or GCF or any other fund that may come. Ah dozens exist. I think German government I am looking at I don’t think there is anybody sitting there from GIZ. I don’t know ah but from the government. Okay. Yeah German government side. The bilateral fund IKI. Is more than 6 billion euros. If somebody is sitting here from UK government. UK safe. Is about 10 billion euros. We don’t even know their names. That is the point. We know the name of Jeff that gives us 7 million, $10 million. And that too written by NGOs. So, I don’t need to read the text. Conclusion. This is a apple way too high for Pakistan to jump and grab. I am very happy and very proud. Pakistan is very actively engaged. In this conversation. Partly because our Mofa Ministry of Foreign Officer office people are very bright, very committed and they happen to be in important chairs. Of global negotiations where they can play a role. And they have played important role. From creation of loss and damage fund To bringing the conversation to this level. He thinks that we are not agreed and everybody has talked so far. Is that there is no agreed target and it’s not very certain that there will be a target end of the next cop. Also there is an agreement that developed countries do not want LDF. It doesn’t damage mentioned in these targets. So, it is a desire on part of self-developing countries like perhaps Pakistan. Saying that these should be clubbed and therefore, in my title, I club them as LDF mechanisms and and these targets. This is our visual thinking. But there is no global consensus of that. I hope this was useful. I hope I was able to carry everyone along with me. I hope it just should not become overly complex or German driven, but it’s useful, I want to thank you. Thank you. Thank you so much Alita Kirsa and every time whenever you are at the podium, we know it’s going to be an eye opener. So, it was indeed an eye opener for us in context of the numbers. Uh and specially in context of the practical hopes that we should make when we are talking about the financing schemes. Um I think this is not just an eye opener but also it can drive the discussion and it can also help us in developing a way forward in context of not just cop but also whenever International Finance should be accessed and how Pakistan should focus around ah you know the key priorities and the financing needs. So thank you so much for for that very important presentation. Now my my next question is ah for you doctor Shivkat ah in context of ah the overall loss and damage new collective quantified gold. I think one of the key aspects that goes missing even when we are negotiating at Cop29 is how the civil society organizations should be you know able to access that finance because then there comes the aspect of vulnerabilities of the communities and how CSOs can access those funds and can drive the funds for improving resilience ah in developing countries. Over to you please. Thank you Zainab. I think ah after Bilal Saab and Alitoke Saab setting the scene and of course Sonike also said the scene. The debate directly comes that ah ah the big stakeholders are the negotiators. And that’s why ah when we have all these processes going we are now going for Co op twenty-nine. So I I I am looking at what’s what society actually can push there. There are things the issue of accessing fund by civil society comes later. Because the scene we have seen ah and ah listen to Alito Kisab. He has ah told about the loss and damage fund, other funding mechanism and the handicaps. The the big ah countries are not agreeing to loss and damage fund particularly. Your last concluding thing. These are the alarming thing based on which I have ah certain points which actually I I have a plan to raise with my network across South Asia wherever we will be near the negotiator or the lobby groups or you know other this room and that room politics. So whatever we would like to push in Baku I have jotted down a couple of points ah instead of just you know ah taking up other matters which already have settled here I just will focus on the he asks what we want from civil society. Ah we have heard all these things. We actually want number one is that there is a need to reconstruct loss and damage pluses beyond emergency relief and recovery efforts. And they should focus on building sustainable livelihood, resilience, housing and climate resilience essential services. Inclusive of all services. Because all these are damaged here because if you look at ah the ah recent or the previous impact of climate change. They are devastating for the communities, for the people and they are beyond repairs. If you look at the funding availability of funding situation, the has you know given us the landscape of funding and impediments around that and gaps. So that’s why first demand ah we would like to push through the negotiator and group would be on ah reconstruct the loss and damage policies. And secondly address non-economic loss damage which is very important. It’s not only the economic things we talk about. So, action should include reparation to support well being and investment in cultural heritage and education. Which is not built. We have all seen in our ah part of the world in in Balochistan. We have seen lot of devastation to to these sites and areas where where we cannot calculate in terms of economy or the economic losses. So, non-economics is important. Third is need to immediately operationalize and adequately resource the loss and damage fund which seems difficult in this situation. Ah to support close and frontline communities to help them rebuild, recover and safeguard their future in the wake of anticipated climate disaster. Which we cannot avoid even even in the coming future. Fair contribution that’s very important which we would like to push ah through the negotiations. Fair contribution from developed countries is urgently required to make image and a long term financial commitment to loss indemn. One, fair is you know is not just ah 00 billion type of things. Where is based on the need, assessments and you know the capacity of paying and those who are at the receiving and look at their capacity to cope with this situation. So that’s why we would focus on the fair contributions. These steps are essential to narrowing the growing loss and damage financial gap on has talked about in detail and ensuring a fair and just response to this escalating climate crisis to safeguard futures. A few of the recommendation on the ah new collective quantifiable goal. So that we can you know ah connect with them also while we will be pushing for demands from civil society. At the cop in Baku, the new ah quantifiable goals on climate finance must signify scale up from the current $100 billion. Annual target to meet the actual needs as a the presentation was a laboratory saying that it runs from one to one. three trillions or in in my figure which I have. It is beyond 1. 8 trillion. Somewhere. So these these are the realities which we are facing. And we have not met at said even ah the real of the funding so far is not even matching to Pakistan’s loss of 30 billion. So that’s you know an alarming thing For us and for South Asia and other countries who are ah facing the brunt of climate change. The developed countries need to meet an equitable transparent and inclusive climate finance goal. Climate justice and staying within 1. 5° target is critical for global peace and security. That’s very important. If it goes beyond and which is we we are looking at the evidence. If we are not doing something tangible advising that you do this and you do that. That would not actually desirable thing. And they should actually look at the commitments made at the Paris agreement. So we have to recall time and again. Article 9. 1. So that these countries should realize that these are the responsibilities which has to be to be met. The cop20 ah nine leadership should ensure to deliver a new collective and quantifier goal that delivers an outcome in with the financial needs of developing countries. So that’s important. Now the development countries also have a responsibility to raise their own financing. As Pakistan is proactively doing it. Some other countries are doing it. But that’s not enough. Our resources are limited. And the the kind of economies we are running. They have a double triconomies. So that’s why ah our efforts and global efforts are needed. That’s why in Pakistan in DC’s we have clearly said that thirty-five person would be coming from international from the global commitment and 15% from us. So, that’s why we have to take care of even when we talk about the new goal. The new climate finance goal should be new, fair, need based, additional educate at scale, predictable, right based, grant based or not the loan based. Now there is a ratio was mentioned that there should be at least 50% gone. Even then matching to 50% is a difficult for the countries those who are facing these troubles. As much in the ah ensure delivery of highly concessional public finance commitment in grants. So, mostly the focus on the grants. I have couple of more minutes. Yeah. Yeah, it is. Yeah, let me implement. So, some more, you know, on that is that quality cannot be traded for quality, quantity and quality. We have to achieve both. It should not be only at one subject. Then, of course, clear, quantitative and quantitative allocation of overall new climate finance commitments into three thematic sub goals namely adaptation, loss endament and mitigation. And you know, if you look at the fourth element which is always missing is the technology transfer. We have committed in Bali framework clearly. But you know for adaptation at one hand we need finances. At the other end we need clean technology. So clean technology is not in our hand. It has IPR’s. It has you know the claims. If these claims are removed only then we might be in a position to buy these technologies and use them. So that’s why you know I I would add here the technology part as well. Ah importantly the new climate finance goal cannot be seen in in isolation and therefore must also highlight the need for international financial system transformation. It relate to you know tax and tax justice and climate justice and other you know jargon we use. So that should be in line with that. With this as an end note. When I look at my you know struggle with my seniors and fellows on the path of ah looking at or following the cops. 2007 when I entered in this area. In Bali which I just referred the Bali since twenty-eight cop 28. Whatever we have seen is that only promises that are not even on solid grounds and commitments. So what is that? We have to think here. You know ah the major issue which is a you know creating trouble in terms of or adding our troubles. Or you know disaster in in the climate ambit. That’s the fossil fuels. But you see fossil fuel lobbies leading the negotiations. They try to convince you. To my understanding and you know please you know forgive me if I am in my analysis is going some other direction but you know I am convinced that after these 17 years of my association I have feel that now the only demands are enough. There is a need for class struggle. Because climate justice is nothing without class struggle. It’s a class struggle. Why? Because there are haves and there are have nots. I won’t say passive amount term technology so we are not getting it. So it’s a it’s a it’s it’s a kind of a political struggle between the haves and have nots. And without glass struggle I don’t think that you know this will materialize, things will come up, another cough will come. Even in this cough, on adaptation, there would be only some advices and advices on the countries that you make your ah new national adaptation plan by 2025 some guidance. But full discussion would be in corporate cop thirty. So again, we have to wait 1 year. The issue is that we need money more on adaptation side. So that’s very important. Here I will stop. Thank thank you so much doctor Shivkat for very aptly putting into the demands that civil society ah organizations will be ah you know taking forward at Cop 29. So ah before we conclude this session ah we have Anam Zeb with us ah and Anam ah thank you for joining us. You have been working with ah German Red Cross and ah you know with the front line communities. So I think ah my question would ah from you is mostly around ah there has been a lot of debate in our new collective quantified goal, loss and damage. You have heard the demands that CSO’s will be putting, putting forward but also being being one of the young activist and also being a women ah how do you see this ah financing mechanism should be demanded and accessed specially when it comes to the marginalized communities and how they can get benefit from it. What I mean how Pakistan should towards negotiation and so that we actually get benefit from it. Over to you. Thank you so much Zainab. I’d like to extend my appreciation to GIZ and to SDPI for inviting me to be a part of this August panel. Uh Sheikh Sab and Bilal Sab both have been my CEOs of organizations that I’ve worked with and I’ve learned a lot from them and I continue to learn every time I attend one of their talks. So I’m honored to be a part of this panel and maybe I can say something that is useful. Um just for the sake of brevity I won’t make it a very long presentation. I just have three points. Um the first one is the principle of additionality. Doctor Shafkat Munier has just spoken about it and this is something that we continue to emphasize. In the past there are many studies currently as well that indicate that the the funding that we’re getting for climate change particularly for climate change adaptation is most of the time and and amount of the time an alarming percentage of the time is the repackaging of existing overseas development assistance or ODA. So funds that were meant to come to the country anyway are just now being renamed as being for climate change. Ah that poses a problem because that completely negates what we are saying from the very beginning since the Paris agreement that it has to be new additional funding. So if countries develop countries are simply repackaging loans or grants. Um and giving them the name of Climate change that is a problem and that is something that we have Pakistan has advocated strongly for in the beginning that it has to be new and additional funding. Ah but in the case of the loss and damage fund it is even more important because there is a very big risk of humanitarian relief and response recovery funding to just be repackaged as loss and damage funding. As Doctor Shafkat was pointing out that there is a need to distinguish response funding from long term loss and damage funding. Um this is the finance cop COP 29. There’s a lot of conversation about private sector capital. Sheikh Saab has covered a lot of the financial instruments. There are some instruments that are emerging that are quite interesting. So we’ve all heard about green bonds but now people are talking about catastrophe bonds for example. Um back in the day when I had newly started studying this article six had become a very big issue when I attended my first Cup. To this day there’s no concrete conclusion on carbon markets or their operation. And that is one of the key pieces of the puzzle. Private sector finance will let’s all be clear about this is not going to be very attractive towards adaptation projects. Adaptation projects anyway from the total climate finance that flows into countries forms a very small part. Most funding moves towards mitigation and unfortunately a lot of the funding that we get in any country throughout from the 100 billion for example 70% was loans and the rest has been grants. This is a really alarming figure. It’s contestable whatever it is but regardless the percentage of loans versus grants, loans are always higher. The point that I’m trying to make here is that the current model hasn’t worked. And for adaptation projects to be prioritized and differentiated against loss and damage financing. We need to be a little bit clearer about what adaptation entails and what the outcomes are going to be. Um Now, I’m just going to come to my third point which is about country preparedness. Shakes have already pointed out that we have a lot of unfinished projects. It’s not a question about whether we can access the funds. It’s about whether we can utilize these funds and spend them when the time comes. He’s referenced the existing projects that are incomplete and how much money there is in that. Um when I started my first job, when I was working with Shaysa, we actually had a study with the United Nations University This is back when the term loss and damage was not common parliaments. We didn’t really talk about it that much. It was a much more politically heated topic than it is now. And it was a methods toolbox for assessing loss and damage. Quantifying loss and damage is extremely difficult. How do you quantify and attribute that this loss has been because of climate change versus loss simply because of social, culture, social, cultural, contextual differences. So until we are able to tune out these finer details. It’s going to be very difficult for us to effectively differentiate loss and damage projects from relief and response from humanitarian projects from adaptation projects. At the same time, there was also a little bit of a talk about what’s going to be discussed at Cop 29 actually, is the criteria for which countries get to access the fund. Um, so this is one of the key points as well. The criteria at the moment that are being pro around three areas which is vulnerability. So how vulnerable is a country to certain disasters or the frequency and intensity with which these disasters hit the country. That country’s greenhouse gas emissions. And then finally the economic standing of that country. How much funding would that country need? Um in terms of Pakistan do we even have this data available for the GHG emissions? It’s quite outdated. Um the vulnerability indices that we have they are also the data that require is fragmented. There’s a lot of data there but is it organized in a way that is useful for these criteria? And then finally when we start, coming from a largely NGO background, at the moment, I’m working with the German Red Cross. When you talk about financial instruments such as for example, trigger-based funding. We have many examples and a very small scale of organizations that have done this kind of work. At the moment, with the support of the BMZ, the German Red Cross with the Pakistan Red Crescent Society is implementing a forecast based financing project in Noshera. And that relies on triggered data from the Pakistan met department. So, put very simply, we’re responding to the forecast of a disaster rather than to the disaster itself. So, you have pre-prepared stocks, you have pre-prepared cash, and when the water level in the Kabul River reaches a certain trigger, that’s when that money is automatically released to those communities. That is what a trigger-based funding system looks like for us. The question is, can we scale this up? How do we take small projects, these sometimes very, very good projects, very innovative projects. How do we take them to the larger scale where they can be implemented at the national level? So, it’s not simply a question of accessing the funds. Again, I would like to emphasize it’s the ability to actually conceptualize projects that will be able to utilize these funds and I’m speaking from the, you know, NGO, INGO perspective. When we talk about the government, it’s even more complicated with the bureaucratic hurdles impediments that exist for funding to be dispersed. Um so I’d like to leave you with this. The cup is very important this time especially as far as the NCQG goes. We’re all talking in trillions and billions. But as it has been pointed out by the other panelists as well. Uh the billions and trillions don’t really mean anything at the moment until we are sure that they can reach the communities that we are talking about. And unfortunately at the moment it doesn’t seem like we’re very well prepared that to happen. Thank you so much. Thank you, thank you so much Anam and ah yes I think just in the morning we have with us ah the coordinator to Prime Minister madam Romina and one of the key aspects and one of the key statements she made was that we as a developing country will be negotiating based on the principles of climate justice at Cop 29. So it is quite evident from you know since morning we have had ah a lot of discussion on how the negotiations will be and how what should be Pakistan stands. But one of the key aspect that has been ah very much there that we are not demanding aid and this is not about aid. This is about the finance, this is about the needs, this is about the vulnerability of a country. Ah yes, as Dr. Shafkar highlighted and pointed this out that as a developing country, ah and not just Pakistan but also other developing countries. We are under debt traps. Ah of course geopolitical, socioeconomic conditions are not very good. So climate crisis is an additional crisis to deal with. And don’t have resources for that. So, at Cop29 climate justice as Anam also mentioned about ah certain you know vulnerabilities, front line communities and how scaling up the solutions ah you know that aspect will be dominating the negotiation stable. So I think this is very critical discussion that needs to be done. Ah from this panel I am I am very thankful to ah Alita Kirsa, Bilal Anwar Sab, Dr. Shafkat, ah Soin K, he was also there and Anam specially you being our female panelist here. Thank you so much for joining us for this session and for ah sharing very important key takeaways that all of us ah will be you know thinking about ah throughout the throughout the day and also till cop twenty-nine. So thank you for that. With this I’ll just directly jump over the next session because our panelist have joined us. Ah so this is about climate adaptation and resilience development ah we have been joined by miss Ayesha Khan and miss ah she is chief executive of civil society coalition for climate change. Thank you so much. Ah and also Miss Humera Jaze, team lead living in this initiative. We were also ah expecting to be ah joined by Mr. Mohammad Farooq, senior joint secretary ministry of climate change but I believe he is a bit stuck with some meeting at ah at at PM office or at the ministry. So ah but we are still waiting. He might join Ah in a too. So, So now ah directly my my first question will be from ah Miss Ayesha Khan ah because not just the CS triple C but also the mountain and glacier ah organisation ah you have been ah working ah under that head as well. So I think my question is is directed towards you. Ah this is about the role of ah nature based solutions and why we have added this question is because ah in one of the articles I was reading a few days back ah one of our countries. They will be negotiating also based on climate risk insurance financing. And when I see that and when I see Pakistan, we do not have anything around climate risk insurance financing or adaptation, risk insurance financing. So we don’t have any any mechanisms or any position as of now. So, with you being with us here today and also one of ah one of, one, one of the persons who lead the negotiations. Ah my question is like, what, what a role of nature based solutions in strengthening climate adaptation and resilience. Particularly in sectors like agriculture, water management and how can these solutions be integrated into Pakistan’s national adaptation plan in practical way. Over to you please. Thank you very much. I’m most grateful to SDPI and GIZ for inviting me to be part of this very important pre-cop discussion. This is the time of the year when conversations around climate change become intense and we take a deeper dive into different issues and try to analyse to frame Pakistan’s stance at at cop. Um you’ve asked me a bunch of questions but before I respond to that, I think since the title of this session is climate adaptation and resilience development. Let me first address some of the issues and challenges that we face in Pakistan as a country. What does CAP means for us and what are the kind of preparations that we are going to need before we talk about specifically a sectoral approach through nature based solutions because this is one of the many entry points that we can make to move towards a resilience and reduce our vulnerability. I think at at this cop the important thing to remember is that there are two important things. One is the NDC and one is the NCQG that will be discussed. So we have to look at Our Resilience and our adaptation strategies through the lens of the NDC that we are going to present which under the 3 point O NDC enhanced scenario will require us to raise our level of ambition. Ah we also have ah a commitment to the SDGs and in terms of policy we have the National Climate Change Policy and we have the national adaptation ah plan as well. So we have to contextualise whatever we take whether they are nature based or whether they relate to agriculture or ah sustainable food systems through what we are going to commit to achieve in the SDGs and through the NDCs. So I I I think it’s very important ah to approach this in a very holistic manner. Stop being delusional about our capacity and also perhaps ah stop using climate change as the boogeyman or on the bandwagon to blame everything on climate change. There are a lot of issues related to internal governance matters that we need to address. If we truly want to address resilience. One way out is to blame everything on climate change and say all the problems, all the predilections that we face today, all the vulnerabilities are due to climate change. But would that be intellectually honest? I don’t think so. I think our problems go way back to the development approach that we have taken to the governance approach that we have taken and climate change is not a stand alone issue. It’s not a stand alone governance issue. It is part of the overall governance approach that we have taken that has not taken the approach of equitable sharing ah of opportunity and resources with everyone. So therefore we see a great disparity and therefore we see that we have within the country a north and south where the rich are responsible for the emissions and the rich are responsible for that responsibility which they are not fulfilling and the poor are paying that price. So, you have asked me about nature based solutions. I through my mountain and glacier protection organization have been working in the mountains with mountain communities for the conservation of nature. Particularly the cryosphere and trying to empower local to become the custodians of their own land. So I fully understand what nature based solutions mean and the communities also understand what nature based solution means. The problem is that the pace of climate change has put them at the crossroads where nature based solutions are slow in giving their effect. They have resorted to grey infrastructure and brown development approaches. So if we want to move towards nature based solution what means is we have to restore our ecosystems, we have to give nature time to heal and we have to have a three tiered plan perhaps in which in the first phase we do engage in some grey infrastructure. Then we move towards bio engineering and then we have the plans laid out for the restoration of nature and nature based solutions that will eventually pick up in the next five to 10 years. But meanwhile the communities, the disasters that they are facing, the hardships that they facing, they cannot have the coping capacity to respond purely through nature based solutions. So, we have to move towards a transition approach in which we provide them with guidance, we provide them with help, we provide them with support. For the NCQGs in in in Baku, I think it must be very clear that NCQG must have enough money within it for a fair. We have used the word at the global stock take. Equitable and orderly. So it to be fair it must have enough resources to provide a fair phase out of fossil fuels in a way that is affordable, accessible for the development of renewable energy for everyone. And for that we need political build up. In in Pakistan right now we need to be engaging already with all the different parties and stakeholders to create that political moment that will ahead of COP create the ah agreement to contribute towards the NCQGs in ways that provides better financial opportunities. Ah for for for communities that I was mentioning I would just like to wind up here ah by saying that what we lack perhaps in moving towards any kind of policy approaches is co-creation is consultation is building consensus. Therefore all the policies that you see in Pakistan and within the ah national climate change policy within the national adaptation plan you will see ah targets that have been set for nature based solutions for moving towards a green economy and a green economy. But the follow up that is necessary is not there. You cannot have a country with a low human capital index as we have respond to these challenges. In the recent gender parity report. Pakistan has come at 145 out of 146 countries. So, where half the population in a country is women and you are so low in your ranking. You cannot expect to move forward and achieve those targets because for green ecologist, green economies, rural economies like of Pakistan, agriculture that you mentioned on which Pakistan relies for most of its GDP. Women play a very important role. So we need to incorporate gender and provide equal access and opportunity to women across all sectors to ensure that we start moving towards nature based solutions and we have the human capital that has the capacity. In the previous session I I was hearing that we do not have the capacity to develop bankable proposals. If we do not have that capacity and we are not investing in education, we are not invest in health and we are not investing in risk insurance. Then we are never going to have the coping capacity. We are always going to blame someone else. We are always going to look for external finance. Which we know very well is not going to come our way. So this is really like bearing your head ah under the sand to pass the problem on to someone else and and feel that you have resolved it by acknowledging your weakness and your vulnerable so we have to be realistic, we have to be pragmatic and we have to understand that some problems are our own creation and even those that are not of our own creation, if the problem is standing at our doorsteps, we have to mobilize and think out of the box, become more innovative and find alternative pathways to generate revenue to meet the needs that Pakistan needs to address its multiple challenges. Thank you. Thank you, thank you so much miss Aisha. And I think ah this is very important that we need to see where we exactly stand. What are our own self created issues that have the solutions and how they can be resolved. And and this is also important in the aspect of the blame game that that goes on specially at cop and even throughout the year. That yes blame game is there but that is not going to provide us with the solution unless and until our own house is in order first. So that’s very important. And this is also something that we take forward with us when we are at 29. So, it is not we we do not commit anything that’s ambitious rather practical and rather that that is ah you know ah that addresses our needs. In addition to this also Pakistan and all other countries will be revising the NDCs. And ah so this debate is also going to be made part of that development. How we move forward with the NDC’s. We cannot ah you know commit something that is not practical or issues. We have to be very much ah you know focused around our own needs, addressing the challenges and also in context of generating local financing needs. How much Pakistan is capable of generating local finance. Even now we do not have the figures. We don’t know how much of the local finance was exactly generated even during floods twenty twenty-two. We don’t have the figures yet. So I think that’s where we need to do our own homework. How much we are able to support our vulnerable communities are frontline communities. If we have the mapping, what sort of indigenous knowledge has miss Ayesha? She is ah you know the the guru of the communities who are who utilise this indigenous ah knowledge specially in the north. So we do know that ah even in Gilgit Baltistan when you are there there are people who who assess the context of quantum of flood based on the movement of ants. Right, right? If they see ants are moving towards trees and there is a mass movement, they would know that some flood or glow of is going to soon. So, that’s indigenous knowledge. We have that knowledge. We need to value it and integrated within our policy planning and strategic actions. So, thank you for further comments. Ah miss Ayesha Khan. Uh now, I would move towards ah Humera and before that I also welcome Mr. Kamar Iqbal from Pakistan Mission Society. Thank you for joining us here for this important panel. So my question ah from you is specially now you are also ah leading the living in this and also the national adaptation plan. Ah how can we mainstream this climate resilience into our national development policies and infrastructure projects. Particularly in urban and rural areas. And specially also we do know we have national level policies. But if they are not being integrated within provinces and at local level then we are not ah actually providing the solution and way forward directly to the communities. So what do you think should be the approach? Keeping in view the and living in this initiative that Pakistan ah has you know ah developed. Over to you. Thank you very much Zainab and I take this opportunity to thank SDPI ah the German Corporation, GIZ for their support to this very important ah dialogue. Ah thanks Zainab for the question and I am going to be answering more ah ah you know with the lens of a program coordinator ah or a project coordinator. I have been leading the living in this program that some of my colleagues over here know about. Ah but Just a week ago, I have also taken charge of the national adaptation plan Um you know, from the UN’s side. Um so, before talking about any of the, you know, approaches that can be used by Pakistan or by the government or by the UN or all of us together to really integrate resilience into the various policies. I would like to speak a little bit about the challenges that I feel I have you know, realized over my you know, tenure over the past ten last 10 years in the development sector but more so ah working with the Ministry of Climate Change for the Living Indust ah program and also now in this one week that I have recently joined the national adaptation plan. Ah yes Pakistan you know has you know under the guidelines of the UNF triple C and in compliance through the Paris Agreement ah developed in the year 2023 in July the national adaptation plan ah it was approved by the cabinet it is a very ah comprehensive document and a comprehensive plan that ah discusses the you know six to eight most vulnerable ah sectors including agri water nexus. There is the urban resilience, there is human development, there is natural capital, we are talking about cross cutting issues like gender, there is DRM. But the question is the, the, the actual question is, how is the ministry of climate change really going to ensure that they work across Pakistan ah to to sort of make sure that resilience and adapt Is ah you know is ah worked on the provincial level or at the local levels because that is where the problem really exists. So from my ah from my study and assessment that I have just recently done. I know that this project is being led by the Ministry of Climate Change. Ah it is the lead authority. Ah it started out in twenty17. It’s a 3 million GCF project. Unfortunately so far we’ve only been able to spend 10% since 2017. So it’s a seven year duration but the spending unfortunately has been only 10%. So, we go around at all levels asking for money but when it comes to spending that amount, we are really not doing the job well which then brings me to the next challenge which is the lack of an institutional arrangement or an institutional setup. Um I will be talking about the Nap within this project. I know that this project steering committee that has been put in place on the document but from any discussions or assessments that I have made. There’s been no meeting yet of that project staring committee which actually comprises of all the key sectoral departments ah you know across the government. So how really are we using our ah you know our structures, our governance structures to get this work done is a question. So Maya now that I have taken charge that’s the very ah the the top most priority that I need to really work around is to get the ah the committee in place get them to meet, get approvals of those work plans and then see how we can get the work going on at the provincial, at the local levels, which is where the adaptation ah, you know, efforts are needed the most. So, so the institutional arrangement or the lack of it or the gap over there is the very important point that I wanted to make. Ah other than that, of course, you know, there is the financial aspect of it, the financial resources. For example, if you speak of the agriculture it must have the resources to really produce climates smart crops. Okay, so that’s just an example but do we really have the finances? Um of course, the International Climate Finance is there but then there’s the question of mitigation versus adaptation and then there is also the question of are we really producing all those quality proposals? Do we really have the capacity? Do we really have the human resource? Do we have quality you know, technical expertise In getting our way around getting or that money or mobilizing those resources. So I feel like financial resources are an issue. Human resource gaps, technical capacities, trainings, all of that is really needed. Then data collection is an extremely important point that needs to be looked at. So we do remember from the 2022 floods when I was engaged on the ah post disaster need assessment and data around gender was one of the most important and the most neglected ah ah ah part within that PDNA although I do remember that ah the World Bank, the United Nations system, UNDP ah ah ah were working with the government and the NDMAs and the PDMAs but ah data was a was a major issue. So effective data collection and then ah the monitoring of that data. How do we have the monitoring standards in place? Do we really have these monitoring standards in place? Ah you know all these climate adaptation strategies that we are talking about. They have to be informed by local data, right we have to have a good ah robust data system for us to be making informed decision. So I feel like all of these are very important questions and all of these are very important gaps that I really see ah while I am working on ah on this project and this is all that we need to address now. So Zainab it’s a big challenge but I am really hoping that bringing together all these lovely partners we have so much talent in Pakistan. Ah I am really hoping that I can strategize on the national adaptation plan and you know can have a good ah strategy moving because we do have the money like I said. But we are not really using it. We don’t, we are not using a road map, we don’t have an approach as such, we, we, we really have to work hard over there. So, we do have good examples in Bangladesh, we do have good examples. I was going over a webinar the other day, which was, you know, the UN environment program had given me a few ah, ah, previous webinar ah, recordings that I was going over, and Bangladesh and Nepal have very good examples of adaptation and their national adaptation plans are moving much ahead of us. So we can learn from other countries I don’t know if I have answered your question, but these are some of the challenges that I am facing, even with the living in this program, it is one of the key frameworks of the Ministry of Climate Change, it has won ah the world restoration award, it is one out of the seventh flagships that has won the award, it is a matter of pride, but at the same time it is a big big ah you know ah commitment that we have to live up to, so are we really ready to do that? Ah the living in is in you know it’s an all encompassing restoration adaptation program and the ministry can use it really well ah as their key framework ah you know for the ecological restoration of the Indus Basin which is one of the most important ah natural resources for this country we all know the facts and figures how Pakistan’s economy how it’s agriculture and all is dependent on it. But really we need to get our act together Zainab and ah hopefully everything should should go well yeah at the cop as well. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you so much Amera. And yes I think this is one of the most important point and specially we have a youth representative sitting here that you know when we are talking about climate finance ah even if we access the finance. Where are we supposed to you know spend that finance? How is that ah prioritized? And even if that gets prioritized what should be the plan of action to to ah you know ah how we we should be utilizing it. So that’s where ah what Humera was mentioning. The project development stage comes in to identify and priorit those sectors we are actually financing is needed. And for that we need to have technical capacities although over the last two to three years or may be 4 years. Ah Pakistan has done a lot of work and we have been able to develop a lot of capacities but still this is something in which our development partners like GIZ is already contributing a lot in context of skill building. But this is where comes the development partner support in building the capacity cities within not just the government departments but also all other stakeholders, the private sector. So, we are able to identify the financing needs and we are able to develop the kind of relevant projects we are financing is needed. Living in this and national adaptation plan has set up certain priorities that can address major challenges when it comes to taking climate action. But when it comes to developing a road map, ah you know local adaptation framework. That where we need really need to work hard. In order to get it implemented in a in a fast forward way and in a in a more practical way. So thank you so much for sharing about ah the ah you know the the initiatives and what are the key challenges and barriers that we face. Now with this comes ah my next question ah from Mr. Kamal Iqbal sir. So it is mostly related to ah the capacity gaps in Pakistan’s adaptation efforts as a whole. Not just only from from the government’s perspective and from the, you know, overall country perspective, we do realize there are gaps and challenges, but what about overall adaptation plan that needs to get implemented, that engages all stakeholders, the civil society organizations, the marginalized communities, the frontline communities. What, what are the capacity gaps that we can, you know, address and what, how those capacity gaps should be ah, prioritized when we negotiating at Cop 29. Over to you. First of all, thank you very much to SDPI and PGCEP to give this opportunity to be included because we are positioning for ah climate negotiations and climate diplomacy ah tables as a faith actor because we started our journey ah from faith pavilion that was introduced in Cop28 may be some of colleagues or friends did not know about it but as it was in Dubai UAE government take this initiative and for make it a more inclusive establish the faith pavilion. So we went there first time from Pakistan and we ah not only you know ah present and build the case for Pakistan but also we check the readiness of the faith actors in Pakistan especially in Sinh province. That what is their readiness if the because from the morning we are listening that funds are available but the absorption capacity or spending is very low. So we check that either the faith actors they are ready to access those funds and they can utilize those funds simultaneously. So we ah went there with the slogan of nothing about and for us without us. Because we believe that a climate crisis is a spiritual crisis. Ah what we have gained from the previous generations. How we are you know moving forward and transforming that to the coming generations. It’s a spiritual so if it if we ah address it as at those levels then may be we can ah overcome some of the barriers and challenges. And according to ah your question regarding the ah as mentioned by the colleagues that there are many gaps challenges but still there are many hopes like there are many localized indigenous solutions that have been tested and piloted. We need to scale those up. We need to replicate those up. We can learn from other you know countries. Even we have many examples from our own country. Ah different colleagues have mentioned that different projects. Even yesterday ah project titled ah GCF has approved the climate ventures harnessing the domestic private sector ecosystem for climate action in Pakistan that is ah win by NRSP and one of the private sector ah Sarmaya car is the partner with them. So how it it is all about that how multi actor, multi sectoral partnerships we built. We work on those directions to engage more and more actors in it. Ah being the front liners, how we include the faith actors in it. How we can go more beyond with the more coordinated efforts because ah the old narratives will not work for the Cop29 and beyond ah till cop thirty. We need to be part of new narratives. We need to choose what narrative we want to build on. On one side we highlight that Pakistan is vulnerable because we are only ah producing less than 1% CO 2 emissions but on the other hand ah some colleague here highlighted ah like for methane emissions we are producing 14% of the global. So how how we you know we need to build our narrative on the realistic approaches ah because only building the narrative on one side will not work. We need to work on the holistic approach then we need to work on the regionalization based approach. Because it time to not only work with the multi actor or multi stakeholder partnerships but also at the regional ah level what the other you know countries how they are coming with their kiosks how we can amplify those voices who are the same vices we want to present and negotiate at those tables. So these are some of the thoughts and ah from the faith actor side we are ah going with the clear ask one ask is the adaptation measures that these include resilient infrastructure, community based adaptation, insurance, risk education and innovative financing. Then we also ah highlighting that ah one recommendation from the faith pavilion from our session that will be along around the global cooperation like how emphasizing commitments under the Paris Agreement and principles of equity and justice because equity and justice is very much important when we want to highlight at the global cooperation level Then how the diversification of funding ensuring context specific buyers addressing historical injustices and promoting localized solutions for sustainability of the initiatives. And fourth ask we are putting at that table is inclusive approaches ensuring that planning and implementation of funding instruments leave noone behind. And ultimately our slogan is nothing about and for us without us. So we are going with these key asks. Ah ah at the faith pavilion are ultimate as a faith actor ah the journey we started from Cop28 to SB60 and to Cop 29 so we will be ah leading from the Pakistan as a faith actor. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you so much ah Kamerik Balsab. Ah for for sharing the interventions and also how you will be ah you know taking things forward at Cop 29. Ah and yes I think GCF is is very important also. Ah apart from other financing mechanisms ah our neighbouring countries are much ah are doing quite well in in that context but we haven’t been able to do a lot. So, but, but I do see positive side of it as well, that, you know, maybe, Pakistan, as, as the momentum is there in context of climate action and advocacy. So, may be we’ll see some good results. So, thank you. Ah Dr. Shafkar, I’d, I’d request you if you can summarize ah, the key takeaways of this session. And then I’ll, I’ll be moving forward to Dr. Khalid and Dr. Sebastian Taos for the, for the remarks. Thank you, Zainab. First of all, I would like to thank the panelist, madam Aisha, Iqbal Sawan, Ameira Saiba. I think ah the issues around are very clear. While we discuss adaptation and development. The madam Aisha has mentioned about gender respect. When we look around in negotiators and people those who have access to the lobbies of negotiation. We hardly found in the leading role, the women. How can a world be you know when the slogan of this year is solidarity for a green word. We sort of solidarity we are talking about. When you know in adaptation, you are not helping people to adapt. Those, it is not their fault to be trapped in this situation. So, adaptation as I earlier said in the session. Ah, adaptation demands cost. It it need technology. So, where from these two things come? That’s a major issue which you know was focused by other panelist. And Mehra, you have talked about the living in this project. See, if you look at climate change issues in Pakistan. 80% related to the water. And the biggest economy and part of ah ah various discussion around industry has an importance in our culture, in our economy. 10 out of nine out of ten big cities are within 50 kilometres of the Indus. So we cannot forget about or we cannot just take it as an industry living in this project. This should be a project for a whole of society. We have to restore our ecosystem. It will take lot of time when we will be doing some mitigation actions. But adaptation needs first. And resilience. Resilience to climate change or our infrastructure. If you look at our ah infrastructures whether they are resilience to stand against any kind of scale of disaster. We have seen it. We have seen in twenty-two. We have seen in 2010. These infrastructure hardly stand to these kind of ah situation and in future the things would be more in that way. That’s why there are five things we have to ensure on the count of resilience. One is the threshold capacity. We have to really ah you know negotiate or tell other than ourselves. What is our threshold To adapt to cope with this situation. Second, coping capacity how we can cope with the situation when any disaster situation aids us. So that is a point to be ready for the adaptive preparedness for disasters. Third is recovery capacity. How much capacity we have to recover from a disaster. We have seen the latest disaster twenty twenty-three. Where still we cannot claim that we have fully recovered from that disaster. Look at this the communities in sin. Still they are not recovered from that. So that’s why other thing is recovery capacity, adaptive capacity. How can we adapt our capacity? We need to assess that as well and the fifth and lastly the transformative capacity. That actually require the policy transformation and also declare analysis at national level, regional level, at global level. Whenever we talk about adaptation and climate change things, that’s why I, I have concluded even in my last session also. That when I look at the climate change, it’s a class struggle. Again, I will quote here. Because someone has to pay for it. Either we ourselves or someone is chipping who have the responsibility. The people who are responsible are not taking care of the rest of the world. So, planet is not only ah for for you know them to enjoy the haves. Have not are suffering. If you look at our people in in South. They are suffering because of the ten big cities in in Pakistan. Because much of the carbon emission is from our use of fossil fuel and our use of you know the gases we emit to our environment. So we have to start thinking from ourselves. So that’s why climate change or adaptation is not just an global issue, regional issue national. It is a local issue and personal issue as well. So we should start adapting ourselves. By consuming things. If we will be adapting to less consumption, even that would be our contribution. To, to the, to the process. So, I think there are lot of you know, interesting things here. And hope you enjoyed the session and discussion. Once again, thank you very much, madam. Thank you Over to you. Thank you, thank you so much. With this, we conclude ah, this session. Ah, and so we have had ah a morning plenary session then we had ah the session on low carbon development, possession on loss and damage and new collective quantified goal and this last session was on climate adaptation and resilience development. So ah Doctor Khalid Walit, may I please request you if you can share the key takeaways of the entire you know ah summit that we have conducted. Ah so ah with the audience and then I request Dr. Dr. Paos to ah conclude please. Thank you. Yeah, thank you so much Zainab and thank you so much dear audience ah this was a very insightful session. Pakistan’s climate resilience a road to twenty ah cop 29. Ah we had ah these ah relevant, insightful ah three round tables ah including ah and then ah started with ah session one the plan recession on ah road to Baku opportunities for Pakistan which was also joined by ah the madam coordinator to Prime Minister on climate change. Ah the first ah session round table was on climate finance to support ah low carbon development in Pakistan. Ah what I am going to do is I am going to read ah this document that has been diligently prepared by the team as TPI and PG Sap. Ah in from first session ah we have ah summarized ah this session in following ways. Ah first is this operationalization of existing initiatives. Ah particularly those have been ah done in Cop28 as well and taking lead from that ah in 29. So, it is crucial to focus on effective implementation of previously established climate initiatives rather than pursuing new commitments. This includes ensuring that mechanisms like the loss and damage fund are operationalized to provide some tangible support for vulnerable countries affected by climate change. Second is enhanced climate finance and access. Uh a consent a consulted effort is needed it to improve access to climate finance particularly for developing nations. The this involves not only increasing financial commitments from developed countries and multilateral funds but also ensuring that these funds are easily accessible and readily available. Ah enhanced cooperation between government, private sector and other stakeholders particularly the indigenous communities ah is vital to create more coordinated approach and more inclusive approach Climate Finance, ah regional collaboration and tailored solutions ah particularly in the case of developing countries. Ah emphasising ah regional partnerships for climate initiatives can lead to more effective solutions. Countries should work together ah to share resources and expertise. Particularly in renewable energy projects. Ah and phasing down the fossil fuel particularly ah in terms of ah economies. Those have been dominated by fossil fuels ah tailored approaches are necessary as climate challenges vary by ah region and solution should be adapted to local context. This is very important that we need to learn from international best practices but the solution should be ah local in the local context. Ah inclusive decision making and stakeholder engagement ah was the main ah finding and take away from the session one. Ah it is important to include diverse is in climate negotiations particularly from those ah who are most affected by climate change ah in developing and least developing countries and their indigenous communities engaging local communities and vulnerable population ah in in the planning and implementation of climate strategies can ensure that their needs are prioritized additionally addressing issues of climate justice including ah gender equity is essential for achieving sustainable so these were some of the outcomes from session one, round table one. Round table two was ah based on climate sorry ah round table two was based on loss and damage ah fund financing mechanisms and new collective quantified goals. Ali Tuki Sheikh Saab presented a very comprehensive case how to ah make it more effective. So summary are the key takeaways are reform, financial, architecture for climate action. A transformative to the international financial architecture is necessary ah to mobilize climate finance effectively in developing countries. Ah this includes establishing quantified goals for contributions and ensuring the climate finance becomes a prerequisite for ah any meaningful climate action. Lastly ah efforts should be focused on increasing investment offering that align with future technological advancements and sustainable practices. Then for the loss and damage fund operationalization is very important. Immediate step should be taken to operationalise the loss and damage fund with the focus on direct access options for affected communities establishing budgetary support mechanisms, ah partnerships with accredited entities. This is very important for the context of Pakistan and streamline processes for small grants ah can facilitate faster responses to climate impacts. Ah a trigger based funding mechanism should be developed so that ah in case of ah some climate calamity ah these funds can be mobilized ah addressing climate finance gap through NCQG this was the main ah way forward and key finding from this session ah the the national sorry ah the new the new collective quantified goal should be leveraged to address existing climate finance gaps ah this includes setting collective responsibilities and financial framework that support vulnerable nations enhancing global climate actions. Ah they met financing and it should it should be additional ah to order funding ah that is already available. Ah equitable contributions and responsibilities, developed countries must acknowledge a fulfill and fulfill their responsibilities in the context of loss and damage. Ah fair contribution to the loss and damage should be mandated with an emphasize on addressing non-econom losses as well. Criteria for fund allocation ah should be considered vulnerability, greenhouse, green house gas emissions and the economic status of countries ah to ensure that support is provided equitably and effectively ah here transparency and accountability mechanisms are also very imperative. Session three ah which ah just concluded by ah doctor Shafkat was on climate adaptation and Resilience Development. Ah the key takeaways are ah to promote ecosystem restoration for climate mitigation. Ah we need to develop comprehensive policies that focus on restoring ecosystems and incorporating bio engineering techniques in agriculture and water management practices. Ah this three tiered ah system or approach can enhance resilience and productivity while mitigating climate ah impacts. Ah we need to integrate ah gender equity ah more in climate policies. So that it would get more inclusive. Ensure that policies and initiatives to provide equal opportunities for women ah to recognizing their vital role in green economies incorporating gender, consideration ah will enhance community resilience and improve outcome for all. Doctor Shafkar just ah alluded ah these capacities to be enhanced. These capacities are the threshold capacity, the coping capacity, the recovery capacity, adaptive capacity and the transformative capacity to in order to build these capacities, we need to have a whole of system, whole of community, whole of society approach so that noone is left behind. Ah let me just summarize this whole ah whole pre-cop session with one line that is ah in order to establish climate justice. Ah we need to not only look into this global climate injustice but we need to make sure that we are dealing our ah coping with the national climate injustice as well where ah the Pakistan’s national north. Ah there is a development difference between ah development difference between Pakistan’s north and Pakistan south. So we need to have local solutions as well ah with this. Ah thank you so much ah over to you Zainab and over to you Dr. Yes please. Yeah, ladies and gentlemen, I’m sitting here as the representative of government who who is financing and mandating GI set to to undertake useful activities like this year and therefore my my GSET colleagues were preparing some nice closing remarks for me. Now, I give you an alternative. You I can read down these closing remarks in a smooth way or you can get some honest personal feedback from my side spontaneously said spontaneously prepared here on on what I’ve heard here in the afternoon. I guess you’re going to go for the second way even if it’s a might get a bit more pain. My a bit more painful for both sides maybe for both sides. I will not spare with self criticism also. Um I I don’t know if I’m the only donor representative here in the today. I am okay. Let me, nevertheless, first start with two points before I go into the real matter. Uh first, we as the Germans can say that we have some experience here with with climate change and and support for fight against climate change together with our friends and and partners from Pakistan. Uh Germany with with currently 26 projects and more than 500 million euros as project volume in technical and financial assistant is probably one of the biggest bilateral supporters of Pakistan when it comes to climate resilience. And and and I found here in my in my speech the the the term package. And I and I remember somebody was referring to repackaging eight and let me tell you I I I I’m an absolute opponent to repackaging and one of the worst examples for that and and this is personal now. Was the flood conference in early two 20 twenty-three where most of the money was repackaged and and I was explicitly against that but after a while, honestly, there was a dynamic coming in more and more donor colleagues repackaged and apparently, the Pakistani government appreciated this packaging because figures became higher and with that and then the political success with which they could sell in the public became bigger and bigger. So I’m I’m against that and I think we should avoid it. Clear message from my side on that. Uh second I I will not I will not forget to thank organizers here. And and especially for bringing together all these experts and with this, we, of course, hope to strengthen, even with this blunt and direct style, of course, we, we hope to strengthen a whole of government and whole of society approach to addressing all these impacts from what is really bad impacts from climate change to Pakistan. Now, originally, I should have listed up up now the three outcomes, but you have done so already in a, in a, in an excellent manner, so I, I, I, I will concentrate myself on free feedbacks. First, feedbacks, huge expectations and huge promises. Visa The cop reality. And I mean I don’t know I have to go very much into that be it trillions, be it, even 100 billions. This in my view in in the current in this current world is not realistic. And we can, of course, and we should, of course, go on fighting for it. but when you see, like for instance, in Germany’s case, Germany is in a budgetary crisis. Ah, and, and, Germany, of course, even if we stick to the 100 billion per year, one can easily calculate about how much would be on the shoulders of, of Germany, and, and, to say it. Honestly, I don’t know where it comes from, where it should come from because I mean, you you should not kill the the cow who gives the milk German economy is in in in in deep trouble. Uh there need to be a lot of thank you reforms Also a lot of of investments in in new infrastructure and and somebody has to pay that. So and and I’m sure I should look at the debt level of the United States and and and others. So let’s let’s let’s stay realistic there. Um second nevertheless that’s the second how did I call it? The second one, financial access to existing resources. Uh there has to be reformed. I absolutely agree. This has to do also a lot with multilateral development banks and the and the promised reform of these multilateral development banks and I’m I’m I’m I’m sure if somebody if my my my very good friend Nachi Ben Asin World Bank director would sit here. He would probably almost kill me now for what I’m saying but these reforms are not going far enough and and the best example for that is grounds. Uh multilateral development banks from the principal structure they have organized in are saying that they are not able to give grants. Uh only if there’s a special fund but that fund has then to extra finance by donors again and and and with the current constitution of these banks there might be some truth in it but then we think have to think courageously and and and have to get to courageous to be form. The German, the bilateral German financial corporation implemented by the German development KFW is has been for the last I would say five years or so, six years or so. Uh only organized in form of grants. Uh on the one side, that sounds good. On the one, on the other side, you have to be also realistic there. The ground volume as such is much lower than a loan volume could be. But it’s it’s only grants. And we have to get to reforms in this context especially in the in the in the context of development banks with you. Of this huge huge debt challenge here that that severe situation we have in in Pakistan. I don’t see any sense that that like World Bank, ADP and others are pouring more and more loans into this country. Partly not I know they are partly concessional with concessional conditions but there are other loans with with regular conditions, with the regular interest rates and that is piling up Pakistan’s debt challenge more and more and more and there there has to be a rethinking in in direction of grants, in direction of other innovative instruments like also Dead Swaps I mean this I should not say this in public because it’s it’s it’s well it’s very very new but but Germany is currently very definitely exploring the the potential of that swap with Pakistan bilateral debt swap regarding our development bank. So first that, second, regarding access to finance, the private sector. Yes, the private sector is absolutely indispensable. Uh maybe even much more important than public funds, be them domestic or international in this context for for opening up this country to, to like, big, also international insurance companies and, and, and, and I know that because I’m, I started my career in the endurance business. I almost became employee of the new degree, the biggest world biggest reinsurance company. Hm. Uh, that is deeply engaged in disaster finance, worldwide, and is doing a lot of research on that. But one part of this is then now also on the in the responsibility of of Pakistan itself to create favourable investment conditions for foreign investors and is including foreign insurances and there there’s a lot to be done still on the Pakistani side. I’m not going into detail there. I only signal the situation right now is about to worsen instead of to improve. Um and last but not least I mean when it comes to finance in this case domestic finance Pakistan is when it comes to the ranking of tax collection especially among the big industry Pakistan I think is last globally with a tax rate on underneath 10% that has to be changed there there is a of financial potential for the government to to lift especially also for climate change work. Uh in this context also somebody said somebody was mentioning the capacity gaps. Um and and this this this context of of the the big international funds like GCF. Um yeah I know GCF has a very complex setting regarding applying for for financial support and maybe too complex. No no question about that. On the other side, I have to say and I know this from, from my, my, my work here in, in Islamabad. Ah, the, the, the, the German corporation via GS set has ah, ah, well, is trying to support the the Pakistani government in, in building up ah, capacity ah, capacities for accessing ah, these loans like ah in our corporation with MOCC. Others like UK I think is is is doing the same with the ministry of finance. On but from the Pakistani side there’s a clear lack of strategic approach. Uh there is this ministry and that this ministry called MOF. There’s that ministry MOCC then we have also MEA who’s also setting up its own unit. Uh I mean there has to be a consistent strategic approach to build up a strong government unit, a strong government department for, for, for, for, collecting and maintaining the know-how, to, to approach these complex international funds, and that is totally lacking, even worse. The, part of the P we trained. Three, four months later, they are somewhere else in another department and and the whole capacity work got lost. And this is not, I mean, this is self-made, this problem there and and and that has to be changed. Now, last but not least, I I’m quoting I’m voting missus Aisha Khan who she left because she absolutely Rightly said do not blame everything on climate change. Uh or to become, yeah, on the contrary, become more proactive yourself, more proclimate yourself, more pro nature, more pro environment. So, I mean, honestly, I might be shocking you now and I have a lot of experience with like Africa, Sub Sahara Africa and and and other Asian countries, Latin American countries, etcetera. I’ve never seen such a plastic polluted country like Pakistan, Nefa. Uh first, second, you are currently your best to try to become the global leader in air pollution. Uh when you when you’ve seen the the the air polluting air pollution levels of the last days in Lawar nowhere else in the world did we have such devastating I know there’s part of it coming over from India, okay? But but nevertheless, it’s it’s it’s a shame and and and additionally now upcoming back to climate change in this kind this contest, domestic climate adaptation, there have been actually in some part of this really severely areas especially in the mountains like Northern KP and then GP there have been installations. There have been structures built in in former years against against a really bad consequences from flooding etcetera. So but these structures had been poorly maintained and and and that is why they did not do their job anymore. Uh and and same with I now I cannot write my, my, my, now I cannot write my scripture anymore, but I think it’s, I think it’s enough now, only to say in, in our joint ah fight, against climate change. Eh, a lot of your criticism is absolutely correct, and, and, eh, we as the developed countries should show some, some more self eh, eh, criticism, but overall, we all should be also become more realistic, and including that, I would like to see also some more en from the side of the developing countries. They are a lot of damage damages that we we we but especially also you could have avoided in the last years with a better proactive preemptive engagement in this context. Sorry for this open and blunt words. I did I hope I did not offend anybody. Uh but in this context I I think it makes it does not make sense to send out another another wave of knives and whatever words I think with with openness and constructive criticism, self criticism and and innovative forward thinking we we progress much faster than only with diplomatic nice gestures. Thank you very much. Thank you so much Doctor Taust and indeed thank you for being you know so candid about your thoughts and you’re absolutely correct I think with open mindedness we need to tackle the issue of climate change and blame game never works it’s not going to give us any solution and plus we do understand the fact that we need to go to our own house in order first. So ah Germany is indeed ah supporting us and at so many fronts and thank you for ah taking the narrative of you know the context of financing and providing support ah not just financing support but Germany is also providing us with technical capacity building support at provincial level at federal level and there are so many programs going on and ah I think this is ah the speeches step initiative is one of the great initiatives that we have in our country and we are really thankful to the German government for this initiative please give a round of applause for for supporting Pakistan at so many fronts. Um thank you and with this ah Miss Sobia only if you have to make any comments, last comments, thank you. Ah the very last comment for today is to thank everyone. My ah deepest appreciation for the wonderful conversations for your energy, for your time and for the ideas that you’ve shared with us. I would like to thank ah Doctor Sebastian Past. Doctor Shafkat Muni, the wonderful colleagues at STPI. Thanks very much everyone. Have a great evening. Cheese served peas. We’d love you all to join us. Um at T and let’s do the networking. Thank you., Facebook.
- Natural Hazards and Climate Change Impacts on Food Security and Rural–Urban Livelihoods in Mozambique—A Bibliometric Analysis and Framework, MDPI.
