Espérance, a resident of Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), lived for more than ten years with unexplained skin problems before being diagnosed with leprosy. After receiving care at a health center, she overcame the disease, but the social stigma and fear from her community remained the most challenging part of her journey.
Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that affects the skin and peripheral nerves. Early detection allows for a simple, effective, and free antibiotic treatment, while delayed diagnosis can result in severe complications and permanent disabilities.
Globally, over 200,000 new leprosy cases are detected annually, with nearly 20,000 cases reported in Africa in 2024, including 1,400 children. The DRC recorded 3,038 new cases that year, highlighting the need for stronger political commitment, early detection, and rapid access to treatment.
Stigma and false beliefs about leprosy, including misconceptions about contagion or links to witchcraft, continue to affect those cured of the disease. Discrimination limits their participation in social and economic life, making inclusion a critical part of the fight against leprosy in the DRC.
The country’s leprosy response goes beyond treatment to promote social inclusion and human rights. Free diagnosis and treatment, supported by the World Health Organization (WHO) and partners, are complemented by health worker training, active case finding, and integration of leprosy services into primary health care.
Dr Florent Ngondu, Director of the National Leprosy Elimination Programme, emphasized the importance of early detection, prevention, and community-based approaches such as village leprosy days to avoid irreversible damage and ensure affected individuals can fully participate in society.
Challenges persist in rural and hard-to-reach areas, where long distances, poor roads, limited trained staff, and social stigma delay diagnosis and treatment. Community organizations led by people affected by leprosy play a key role in reducing stigma, improving service quality, and promoting inclusive interventions.
Espérance now leads one of these organizations, raising awareness in her community and encouraging early care. Her experience demonstrates that leprosy can be cured, and social inclusion is possible with the right support.
With national commitment, WHO support, and partners like the Sasakawa Health Foundation, the DRC is strengthening early detection, service integration, and stigma reduction. WHO highlights that eliminating leprosy in Africa is achievable with coordinated efforts, strong health systems, and inclusive approaches.
Espérance’s journey reflects the broader transformation underway: from patient to community leader, she embodies hope, showing that cured individuals can live with dignity and fully participate in social life. Achieving “zero leprosy” in the DRC means not only stopping transmission but ensuring every affected person is included and empowered.
“Leprosy can be cured. I am cured. I work, I live with my family. There is no need to be afraid,” Espérance affirms with a smile.
