Cervical cancer continues to pose a major public health threat across Africa, despite being almost entirely preventable. On Cervical Cancer Elimination Day of Action, Dr. Issimouha Dillé, Adviser on Cancer Control at the WHO Regional Office for Africa, explained why the disease persists and what is needed to overcome it. Africa accounts for nearly a quarter of global cervical cancer deaths, largely because many women are screened too late or lack access to available prevention and treatment services. Addressing these gaps now could save countless lives.
The obstacles to eliminating cervical cancer are wide-ranging. HPV vaccination coverage remains low, particularly in rural and hard-to-reach communities. Screening programmes are often inconsistent and fail to detect early lesions that could be treated promptly, while treatment services themselves may be constrained by shortages of equipment and skilled staff. Weak health data systems and social barriers such as stigma, fear and misinformation further undermine prevention efforts. Overcoming these challenges requires a coordinated approach that strengthens health systems, expands equitable access to services and mobilizes community engagement.
HPV vaccination stands out as one of the most effective tools for saving lives. The rollout of the single-dose schedule is especially significant for Africa, making vaccination easier, cheaper and simpler to implement through school-based campaigns. Each vaccinated girl moves the region closer to the global goal of cervical cancer elimination, offering strong, long-term protection against the virus responsible for most cases.
Communities are essential partners in this effort. By encouraging vaccination, supporting regular screening and helping dispel myths, they create the social foundation necessary for successful prevention. Local leaders, teachers, media and civil society all have key roles in spreading accurate information and promoting health-seeking behaviour.
Dr. Dillé’s message to young girls is clear: the HPV vaccine is safe, effective and provides lasting protection. To families, she emphasizes that vaccinating daughters today is an investment in their future—a simple act that can protect them from a preventable and potentially deadly cancer. Preventing cervical cancer is ultimately a gift to the next generation and a vital step toward a healthier future for women across Africa.
