Thirty-five years after reporting its first HIV case, Viet Nam has emerged as a regional leader in the HIV/AIDS response. As the country reaches the midpoint of its plan to end AIDS by 2030, it reflects both significant achievements and persistent challenges. The national journey mirrors the transformation of individuals like Pham Thi Hue, who once feared HIV as a death sentence but now lives a healthy life as an advocate. Viet Nam’s commitment began in 1995 with Directive Number 52, which elevated HIV prevention to a national priority. Since then, new infections have dropped nearly 60%—from 14,000 annually in 2010 to fewer than 6,300 in 2024—thanks to strong leadership, collective action and support from the Global Fund.
This progress is anchored in a robust prevention and treatment system. Harm reduction, PrEP, same-day antiretroviral therapy and expanded treatment access have brought Viet Nam close to achieving the global 95-95-95 targets. Social health insurance has ensured treatment continuity, while community-based organizations reach key populations. Men who have sex with men report supportive, stigma-free treatment experiences, yet fear of discrimination persists, highlighting the need for ongoing public awareness about HIV transmission and prevention.
Despite gains, Viet Nam stands at a critical juncture. Health system reforms and declining external funding threaten progress, and rising infections in neighboring countries serve as a warning. Gaps remain in reaching young MSM, ensuring access to preventive services, and combating stigma among marginalized groups. WHO continues to support Viet Nam by advocating for sustainable financing, integrating HIV care into primary health care, scaling up prevention and testing and strengthening community organizations that link vulnerable populations to services.
World AIDS Day 2025 offers both recognition and renewed commitment. With the global theme “Overcoming disruption, transforming the AIDS response” and Viet Nam’s national theme “Unity is strength – Join hands to end the AIDS epidemic,” leaders reaffirm their dedication to eliminating HIV. WHO praises Viet Nam’s progress but emphasizes the need for innovation, courage and solidarity during the final stretch.
Viet Nam’s future remains promising, offering hope to people living with HIV. Community voices encourage regular health check-ups, adherence to treatment and confidence in the support systems available. Advocates like Ms Hue remind others that HIV is no longer a death sentence and that connection, information and treatment can lead to a full and meaningful life.
