More than 30 species, including the Ethiopian mountain viper, Galapagos iguana, and Brazil’s Pernambuco tree—highly valued by violin bow-makers—are being considered for special protection under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The Convention, which regulates the international trade of wild animals and plants, stresses the importance of global cooperation to safeguard species from over-exploitation. Currently, CITES monitors trade in over 40,000 species, with new proposals for additional protection reviewed at meetings held every three years.
According to Thea Carroll, Chief of the CITES Secretariat Science Unit, the latest proposals reflect ongoing scientific efforts to conserve species that hold biological, cultural, and economic importance. At the upcoming meeting in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, member states will discuss protection measures for a range of endangered wildlife—from elephants and rhinos to the rare Golden-bellied mangabey monkey. Proposals also cover lesser-known but ecologically significant species such as the giant Galli wasp, moths, frogs, abalone, and sea cucumbers, all vulnerable to overexploitation.
Celebrating its 50th year since entering into force, CITES remains one of the cornerstone agreements protecting global biodiversity, specifically targeting the regulation of the multibillion-dollar international wildlife trade. Over the decades, it has contributed to major conservation successes, such as saving the South American vicuña and the Nile crocodile by promoting sustainable use that benefits local communities. However, the organization notes that wildlife continues to face serious threats, including illegal trade, disease, pollution, and habitat loss.
Despite its achievements, CITES is grappling with a severe funding shortfall that threatens its operations. Secretary-General Ivonne Higuero warned that declining financial contributions from member states have made it increasingly difficult for the organization to function effectively. She emphasized that budgetary issues and unpaid dues from countries will be a key topic of discussion, underscoring the urgent need to sustain support for global biodiversity protection efforts.
