Syria’s post-conflict reconstruction is estimated to cost $216 billion after more than thirteen years of war, according to a new World Bank report. The Syria Physical Damage and Reconstruction Assessment 2011–2024 evaluated damage across infrastructure, residential, and non-residential buildings nationwide, covering the period from 2011 to 2024. Direct physical damages are estimated at $108 billion, with infrastructure suffering the most at $52 billion, followed by residential buildings at $33 billion and non-residential structures at $23 billion. The governorates of Aleppo, Rif Dimashq, and Homs were identified as the most severely affected.
Projected reconstruction costs for these damaged assets range between $140 billion and $345 billion, with a conservative estimate of $216 billion. Of this, $75 billion is expected to be allocated for residential buildings, $59 billion for non-residential structures, and $82 billion for infrastructure. Aleppo and Rif Dimashq are anticipated to require the largest share of investment for rebuilding.
The scale of Syria’s reconstruction needs is enormous, with estimated costs nearly ten times the country’s projected 2024 GDP. The conflict has devastated the economy, shrinking real GDP by almost 53 percent between 2010 and 2022. Nominal GDP fell from $67.5 billion in 2011 to an estimated $21.4 billion in 2024, highlighting the magnitude of the economic collapse alongside physical destruction.
World Bank Middle East Division Director Jean-Christophe Carret emphasized the importance of coordinated international support, noting that a structured, comprehensive program will be critical to helping Syria recover and achieve long-term development. Syria’s Minister of Finance, Yisr Barnieh, called for global partnership to restore essential infrastructure, revitalize communities, and lay the foundation for a resilient future.
The report, prepared with financial and technical support from the World Bank’s Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR), provides a high-level estimate of the overall damage and reconstruction costs. It is intended to guide recovery planning rather than provide detailed sector-specific data, and the findings are subject to uncertainties due to the protracted nature of the conflict and methodological constraints.
